What is oxcarbazepine? Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsant. It works by decreasing nerve impulses that cause seizures and pain. Oxcarbazepine is used either alone or with other medicines to treat partial seizures. The Trileptal brand of oxcarbazepine is used as a single medicine in adults and children who are at least 4 years old. Trileptal is used with other medicines in adults and children who are at least 2 years old. The Oxtellar XR brand of oxcarbazepine is used with other medicines in adults and children who are at least 6 years old. Oxcarbazepine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Seek medical treatment if you have symptoms of a serious drug reaction: skin rash, fever, swollen glands, flu-like symptoms, unusual bruising or bleeding, or yellowing of your skin or eyes. Call your doctor right away if you have symptoms of low sodium levels in your body, such as nausea, confusion, severe weakness, muscle pain, or increased seizures. Some people have thoughts about suicide while taking seizure medicine. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor. Do not stop using oxcarbazepine suddenly. Before taking this medicine You should not take oxcarbazepine if you are allergic to oxcarbazepine or eslicarbazepine. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: liver disease; kidney disease; mood problems or suicidal thoughts; or an allergy to carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol). Some people have thoughts about suicide while taking oxcarbazepine. Your doctor will need to check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Do not start or stop taking oxcarbazepine during pregnancy without your doctor's advice. Having a seizure during pregnancy could harm both mother and baby. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant while taking oxcarbazepine for seizures. If you are pregnant, your name may be listed on a pregnancy registry to track the effects of oxcarbazepine on the baby. Oxcarbazepine can make birth control pills less effective. Ask your doctor about using a non-hormonal birth control (condom, diaphragm with spermicide) to prevent pregnancy. You should not breast-feed while you are taking oxcarbazepine. Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice. There are specific age restrictions for the use of oxcarbazepine in children, depending on the dose form and whether it is used alone or with other medicines. How should I take oxcarbazepine? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). Give the liquid directly from the oral syringe, or mix the medicine with a small glass of water. After using the syringe, rinse it with water and allow it to air dry. Take the oxcarbazepine extended-release tablet on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. You may take the oxcarbazepine oral liquid or regular tablet with or without food. Swallow the extended-release tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. You may need frequent blood tests. Do not stop using oxcarbazepine suddenly, even if you feel fine. Stopping suddenly may cause increased seizures. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. In case of emergency, wear or carry medical identification to let others know you use oxcarbazepine. Seizures are often treated with a combination of drugs. Use all medications as directed by your doctor. Read the medication guide or patient instructions provided with each medication. Do not change your doses or medication schedule without your doctor's advice. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Throw away any unused liquid 7 weeks after opening the bottle.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking oxcarbazepine? Do not drink alcohol. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects, and may increase the risk of seizures. Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise, in hot weather, or by not drinking enough fluids. Follow your doctor's instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how oxcarbazepine will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Oxcarbazepine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Seek medical treatment if you have a serious drug reaction that can affect many parts of your body. Symptoms may include: skin rash, fever, swollen glands, flu-like symptoms, muscle aches, severe weakness, unusual bruising, or yellowing of your skin or eyes. Oxcarbazepine can reduce the sodium in your body to dangerously low levels, which can cause a life-threatening electrolyte imbalance. Call your doctor right away if you have nausea, lack of energy, confusion, feeling tired or irritable, severe weakness, muscle pain, or increased seizures. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, depression, anxiety, or if you feel agitated, hostile, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Common side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness; balance or coordination problems; nausea, vomiting; tremors or shaking; double vision; or rash. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect oxcarbazepine? Using oxcarbazepine with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Many drugs can affect oxcarbazepine. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is oxybutynin? Oxybutynin reduces muscle spasms of the bladder and urinary tract. Oxybutynin is used to treat symptoms of overactive bladder, such as frequent or urgent urination, incontinence (urine leakage), and increased night-time urination. Oxybutynin is also used in children at least 6 years old with overactive bladder related to a neurologic condition such as spina bifida. Warnings You should not use oxybutynin if you have untreated or uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma, a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines), or if you are unable to urinate. Before using oxybutynin, tell your doctor if you have glaucoma, liver or kidney disease, an enlarged prostate, myasthenia gravis, ulcerative colitis, a blockage in your stomach or intestines, or a stomach disorder such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or slow digestion. Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Oxybutynin can decrease perspiration and you may be more prone to heat stroke. This medication may cause blurred vision and may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert and able to see clearly. There are many other medicines that can interact with oxybutynin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list of all your medicines and show it to any healthcare provider who treats you. Stop using this medication and call your doctor if you have serious side effects such as hot and dry skin, extreme thirst, severe stomach pain or constipation, pain or burning when you urinate, or if you stop urinating. Before taking this medicine You should not use oxybutynin if you are allergic to it, or if you have: untreated or uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma; a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines); or if you are unable to urinate. To make sure you can safely take oxybutynin, tell your doctor if you have ever had: glaucoma; trouble urinating; ulcerative colitis; Parkinson's disease; dementia; a nerve disorder that affects your heart rate, blood pressure, or digestion; myasthenia gravis; or a stomach disorder such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or slow digestion. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. How should I take oxybutynin? Take oxybutynin exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Take this medicine with a full glass of water, at the same time each day. You may take oxybutynin with or without food. Swallow the extended-release tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Measure liquid medicine with the supplied measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). Some tablets are made with a shell that is not absorbed or melted in the body. Part of this shell may appear in your stool. This is normal and will not make the medicine less effective. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while using oxybutynin? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how oxybutynin will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Oxybutynin can decrease sweating and you may be more prone to heat stroke. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can increase side effects. Oxybutynin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to oxybutynin: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have: severe stomach pain or constipation; blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain, or seeing halos around lights; little or no urination; painful or difficult urination; or dehydration - dizziness, confusion, feeling very thirsty, less urination or sweating. Common oxybutynin side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness; headache; dry mouth; or diarrhea, constipation. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect oxybutynin? Using oxybutynin with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral medicine; bronchodilator asthma medication; cold or allergy medicine (Benadryl and others); medicine to treat overactive bladder; medicine to treat dementia; medicine to treat Parkinson's disease; or medicine to treat stomach problems, motion sickness, or irritable bowel syndrome. This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with oxybutynin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.  

What is oxybutynin? Oxybutynin reduces muscle spasms of the bladder and urinary tract. Oxybutynin is used to treat symptoms of overactive bladder, such as frequent or urgent urination, incontinence (urine leakage), and increased night-time urination. Oxybutynin is also used in children at least 6 years old with overactive bladder related to a neurologic condition such as spina bifida. Warnings You should not use oxybutynin if you have untreated or uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma, a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines), or if you are unable to urinate. Before using oxybutynin, tell your doctor if you have glaucoma, liver or kidney disease, an enlarged prostate, myasthenia gravis, ulcerative colitis, a blockage in your stomach or intestines, or a stomach disorder such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or slow digestion. Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Oxybutynin can decrease perspiration and you may be more prone to heat stroke. This medication may cause blurred vision and may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert and able to see clearly. There are many other medicines that can interact with oxybutynin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list of all your medicines and show it to any healthcare provider who treats you. Stop using this medication and call your doctor if you have serious side effects such as hot and dry skin, extreme thirst, severe stomach pain or constipation, pain or burning when you urinate, or if you stop urinating. Before taking this medicine You should not use oxybutynin if you are allergic to it, or if you have: untreated or uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma; a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines); or if you are unable to urinate. To make sure you can safely take oxybutynin, tell your doctor if you have ever had: glaucoma; trouble urinating; ulcerative colitis; Parkinson's disease; dementia; a nerve disorder that affects your heart rate, blood pressure, or digestion; myasthenia gravis; or a stomach disorder such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or slow digestion. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. How should I take oxybutynin? Take oxybutynin exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Take this medicine with a full glass of water, at the same time each day. You may take oxybutynin with or without food. Swallow the extended-release tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Measure liquid medicine with the supplied measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). Some tablets are made with a shell that is not absorbed or melted in the body. Part of this shell may appear in your stool. This is normal and will not make the medicine less effective. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while using oxybutynin? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how oxybutynin will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Oxybutynin can decrease sweating and you may be more prone to heat stroke. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can increase side effects. Oxybutynin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to oxybutynin: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have: severe stomach pain or constipation; blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain, or seeing halos around lights; little or no urination; painful or difficult urination; or dehydration - dizziness, confusion, feeling very thirsty, less urination or sweating. Common oxybutynin side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness; headache; dry mouth; or diarrhea, constipation. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect oxybutynin? Using oxybutynin with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral medicine; bronchodilator asthma medication; cold or allergy medicine (Benadryl and others); medicine to treat overactive bladder; medicine to treat dementia; medicine to treat Parkinson's disease; or medicine to treat stomach problems, motion sickness, or irritable bowel syndrome. This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with oxybutynin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.  

What is Pacerone? Pacerone affects the rhythm of your heartbeats. Pacerone is used to help keep the heart beating normally in people with life-threatening heart rhythm disorders of the ventricles (the lower chambers of the heart that allow blood to flow out of the heart). This medicine is used to treat ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Pacerone is for use only in treating life-threatening heart rhythm disorders. Pacerone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Pacerone is for use only in treating life-threatening heart rhythm disorders. You should not take Pacerone if you are allergic to Pacerone or iodine, or if you have heart block, a history of slow heartbeats that have caused you to faint, or if your heart cannot pump blood properly. Pacerone can cause dangerous side effects on your heart, liver, lungs, or vision. Call your doctor or get medical help at once if you have: chest pain, fast or pounding heartbeats, trouble breathing, vision problems, upper stomach pain, vomiting, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), or if you cough up blood. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to Pacerone or iodine, or if you have: a serious heart condition called "AV block" (2nd or 3rd degree), unless you have a pacemaker; a history of slow heartbeats that have caused you to faint; or if your heart cannot pump blood properly. Pacerone can cause dangerous side effects on your heart, liver, lungs, or thyroid. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: asthma or another lung disorder; liver disease; a thyroid disorder; vision problems; high or low blood pressure; an electrolyte imbalance (such as low levels of potassium or magnesium in your blood); or if you have a pacemaker or defibrillator implanted in your chest. Taking Pacerone during pregnancy may harm an unborn baby, or cause thyroid problems or abnormal heartbeats in the baby after it is born. This medicine may also affect the child's growth or development (speech, movement, academic skills) later in life. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or if you become pregnant. You should not breast-feed while taking Pacerone, and for several months after stopping. This medicine takes a long time to clear from your body. Talk to your doctor about the best way to feed your baby during this time. How should I take Pacerone? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. You will receive your first few doses in a hospital setting, where your heart rhythm can be monitored. If you have been taking another heart rhythm medicine, you may need to gradually stop taking it when you start using Pacerone. Follow your doctor's dosing instructions very carefully. You may take Pacerone with or without food, but take it the same way each time. It may take up to 3 weeks before your heart rhythm improves. Keep using the medicine as directed even if you feel well. Pacerone can have long lasting effects on your body. You may need frequent medical tests while using Pacerone and for several months after your last dose. If you need surgery (including laser eye surgery), tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are using Pacerone. This medicine can affect the results of certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using Pacerone. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.   What happens if I miss a dose? Skip the missed dose and use your next dose at the regular time. Do not use two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of Pacerone can be fatal. Overdose symptoms may include weakness, slow heart rate, feeling light-headed, or loss of consciousness. What should I avoid while taking amiodarone? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how Pacerone will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Grapefruit may interact with Pacerone and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products. Avoid taking an herbal supplement containing St. John's wort. Pacerone could make you sunburn more easily. Avoid sunlight or tanning beds. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors. Pacerone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Pacerone takes a long time to completely clear from your body. You may continue to have side effects from this medicine after you stop using it. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these side effects, even if they occur up to several months after you stop using Pacerone: wheezing, cough, chest pain, cough with bloody mucus, fever; a new or a worsening irregular heartbeat pattern (fast, slow, or pounding heartbeats); a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; blurred vision, seeing halos around lights (your eyes may be more sensitive to light); liver problems--nausea, vomiting, stomach pain (upper right side), tiredness, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); nerve problems--loss of coordination, muscle weakness, uncontrolled muscle movement, or a prickly feeling in your hands or lower legs; signs of overactive thyroid--weight loss, thinning hair, feeling hot, increased sweating, tremors, feeling nervous or irritable, irregular menstrual periods, swelling in your neck (goiter); or signs of underactive thyroid--weight gain, tiredness, depression, trouble concentrating, feeling cold. Common side effects may include: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite; or constipation. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect Pacerone? Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Pacerone takes a long time to completely clear from your body. Drug interactions are possible for up to several months after you stop using this medicine. Talk to your doctor before taking any medication during this time. Keep track of how long it has been since your last dose of amiodarone. Many drugs can affect Pacerone. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is Panretin? Panretin (for the skin) is used in adults to treat skin lesions caused by AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Panretin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Use only as directed. Tell your doctor if you use other medicines or have other medical conditions or allergies. Before taking this medicine You should not use Panretin if you are allergic to alitretinoin, isotretinoin, or tretinoin (Retin-A). May harm an unborn baby. Do not use if you are pregnant. Use effective birth control while using Panretin. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant. Do not breastfeed. How should I use Panretin? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Do not take by mouth. Topical medicine is for use only on the skin. Wash your hands before and after using this medicine, unless you are treating skin areas on your hands. Panretin is usually applied 2 to 4 times per day at evenly spaced intervals. Apply only to affected skin lesions, avoiding healthy skin around the lesions. Allow the gel to dry for 3 to 5 minutes before covering treated skin with clothing. Do not cover the treated skin area with a bandage unless your doctor tells you to. Do not bathe, shower, or swim within 20 minutes before or 3 hours after applying the medicine. Alitretinoin gel is flammable. Do not use near high heat or open flame. Do not smoke until the gel has completely dried on your skin. It may take up to 14 weeks or longer before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medication as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medicine away from open flame or high heat.   What happens if I miss a dose? Apply the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not apply two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222 if anyone has accidentally swallowed the medicine. What should I avoid while using Panretin? Avoid getting Panretin in your eyes, nose, mouth, lips, rectum, tip of the penis or vagina. If this does happen, rinse with water. Do not use insect repellents or other products that contain DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) while using Panretin. Avoid using other medications on the areas you treat with Panretin. You may use mineral oil to help prevent dryness and itching. Do not apply mineral oil within 2 hours before or 2 hours after using this medicine. Panretin could make you sunburn more easily. Avoid sunlight or tanning beds. Wear protective clothing when you are outdoors. Panretin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: severe burning, pain, or irritation after using this medicine; blistering, drainage, oozing; or severe redness or swelling. Serious side effects may be more likely if you also have T-cell lymphoma. Common side effects may include: rash, itching, redness, or other skin irritation; skin peeling or flaking; scabs or crusting; or pain or burning of treated skin. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect Panretin? Medicine used on the skin is not likely to be affected by other drugs you use, but many drugs can interact. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.

What is pantoprazole? Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. Pantoprazole is used to treat erosive esophagitis (damage to the esophagus from stomach acid caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD) in adults and children who are at least 5 years old. Pantoprazole is usually given for up to 8 weeks at a time while your esophagus heals. Pantoprazole is also used to treat Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and other conditions involving excess stomach acid. Warnings Pantoprazole is not for the immediate relief of heartburn symptoms. Heartburn is often confused with the first symptoms of a heart attack. Seek emergency medical attention if you have chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, and a general ill feeling. Long-term treatment with pantoprazole may also make it harder for your body to absorb vitamin B-12, resulting in a deficiency of this vitamin. Talk with your doctor if you need long-term pantoprazole treatment and you have concerns about vitamin B-12 deficiency. Pantoprazole can cause kidney problems. Tell your doctor if you are urinating less than usual, or if you have blood in your urine. Diarrhea may be a sign of a new infection. Call your doctor if you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it. Pantoprazole may cause new or worsening symptoms of lupus. Tell your doctor if you have joint pain and a skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight. You may be more likely to have a broken bone while taking this medicine long term or more than once per day. Before taking this medicine Heartburn can mimic early symptoms of a heart attack. Get emergency medical help if you have chest pain that spreads to your jaw or shoulder and you feel anxious or light-headed. You should not use this medicine if: you also take medicine that contains rilpivirine (Edurant, Complera, Juluca, Odefsey); if you had breathing problems, kidney problems, or a severe allergic reaction after taking pantoprazole in the past; or you are allergic to pantoprazole or similar medicines (lansoprazole, omeprazole, Nexium, Prevacid, Prilosec, and others). Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low levels of magnesium in your blood; lupus; or osteoporosis or low bone mineral density. You may be more likely to have a broken bone while using pantoprazole long-term or more than once per day. Talk with your doctor about ways to keep your bones healthy, especially if you are an adult over 50. It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. Pantoprazole is not approved for use by anyone younger than 5 years old. How should I use pantoprazole? Take pantoprazole exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Use the lowest dose for the shortest amount of time needed to treat your condition. Pantoprazole is taken by mouth (oral) or given as an infusion into a vein (injection). A healthcare provider may teach you how to properly use the injection by yourself. Pantoprazole tablets are taken by mouth, with or without food. The oral granules should be taken 30 minutes before a meal. Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet. Swallow it whole. The oral granules should be mixed with applesauce or apple juice and given either by mouth or through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Read and carefully follow any Instructions for Use provided with your medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time, even if your symptoms quickly improve. Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve or if they get worse while you are using this medicine. Pantoprazole can cause false results with certain medical tests. Tell the doctor or laboratory staff that you are using this medicine. Pantoprazole may also affect a drug-screening urine test and you may have false results. Tell the laboratory staff that you use this medicine. Store this medicine at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Erosive Esophagitis: Treatment of Erosive Esophagitis: 40 mg orally once a day for up to 8 weeks; however an additional 8 weeks may be considered for patients who have not healed after the initial treatment. Safety and efficacy beyond 16 weeks of therapy have not been established. Maintenance of Healing of Erosive Esophagitis: 40 mg orally once a day. Controlled studies have been limited to 12 months of pantoprazole therapy. Usual Adult Dose for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Parenteral: 40 mg once a day for 7 to 10 days, administered via intravenous infusion over a period of 15 minutes. Intravenous therapy should be discontinued as soon as the patient is able to resume oral therapy. Oral: 40 mg orally once a day, for short-term administration (up to 8 weeks); however an additional 8 weeks may be considered for patients who have not healed after the initial treatment. Safety and efficacy beyond 16 weeks of therapy have not been established. Usual Adult Dose for Duodenal Ulcer: Study (n=54) 40 mg orally once a day, dose was increased every 12 weeks by 40 mg increments to a maximum of 120 mg per day, for 28 weeks. Data have revealed that monotherapy with daily doses of 40 mg have been associated with complete duodenal ulcer healing in up to 87% and 94% of patients after 4 weeks and 8 weeks respectively. Usual Adult Dose for Gastric Ulcer: 40 mg orally once a day. Data have revealed that monotherapy with daily doses of 40 mg have been associated with complete gastric ulcer healing in up to 87% and 97% of patients after 4 weeks and 8 weeks respectively. Usual Adult Dose for Helicobacter pylori Infection: Study (n=242) - Triple therapy: 40 mg orally twice daily for 7 days, commonly in conjunction with clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or metronidazole to eradicate Helicobacter pylori, followed with 40 mg pantoprazole orally once daily until day 28. Triple therapy has resulted in eradication rates of greater than 95%. The QUADRATE Study (n=405) - Quadruple therapy: 40 mg orally twice daily for 7 days, concomitantly with bismuth subcitrate and tetracycline, both four times daily, and metronidazole 200 mg three times daily and 400 mg at bedtime. Helicobacter Pylori eradication was achieved in 82% of patients. Usual Adult Dose for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: Parenteral: 80 mg every 12 hours, administered by 15-minute infusion. Daily doses higher than 240 mg administered in equally divided doses by 15-minute infusion, or administered for more than 6 days have not been studied. Oral: 40 mg twice daily, to a maximum of 240 mg per day. Some patients have received treatment with pantoprazole for more than 2 years. Usual Adult Dose for Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis: Study (n=21) - Stress Ulcer bleeding prophylaxis in the Critical Care Setting: 80 mg twice daily, as a bolus infusion over a period of 15 minutes, to a maximum daily dose of 240 mg, divided into three equal doses. Study (n=20 ) - Peptic Ulcer rebleeding prophylaxis after hemostasis in the Critical Care Setting: 80 mg IV bolus, followed by continuous infusion of 8 mg/hr for 3 days, after which therapy may be continued with an oral PPI. Usual Adult Dose for Peptic Ulcer: Study (n=21) - Stress Ulcer bleeding prophylaxis in the Critical Care Setting: 80 mg twice daily, as a bolus infusion over a period of 15 minutes, to a maximum daily dose of 240 mg, divided into three equal doses. Study (n=20 ) - Peptic Ulcer rebleeding prophylaxis after hemostasis in the Critical Care Setting: 80 mg IV bolus, followed by continuous infusion of 8 mg/hr for 3 days, after which therapy may be continued with an oral PPI.   What happens if I miss a dose? Use the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while using pantoprazole? This medicine can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, call your doctor. Do not use anti-diarrhea medicine unless your doctor tells you to. Pantoprazole side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to pantoprazole: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: severe stomach pain, diarrhea that is watery or bloody; sudden pain or trouble moving your hip, wrist, or back; bruising or swelling where intravenous pantoprazole was injected; kidney problems - fever, rash, nausea, loss of appetite, joint pain, urinating less than usual, blood in your urine, weight gain; low magnesium - dizziness, fast or irregular heart rate, tremors (shaking) or jerking muscle movements, feeling jittery, muscle cramps, muscle spasms in your hands and feet, cough or choking feeling; or new or worsening symptoms of lupus - joint pain, and a skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight. Taking pantoprazole long-term may cause you to develop stomach growths called fundic gland polyps. Talk with your doctor about this risk. If you use pantoprazole for longer than 3 years, you could develop a vitamin B-12 deficiency. Talk to your doctor about how to manage this condition if you develop it. Common pantoprazole side effects may include: headache, dizziness; stomach pain, gas, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; joint pain; or fever, rash, or cold symptoms (most common in children). This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect pantoprazole? Tell your doctor about all your other medicines. Some may interact with pantoprazole, especially: digoxin; methotrexate; or a diuretic or "water pill." This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect pantoprazole, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is paroxetine? Paroxetine is an antidepressant that belongs to group of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Paroxetine affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced in people with depression, anxiety, or other disorders. Paroxetine is used to treat depression, including major depressive disorder. Paroxetine is also used to treat panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)>. The Brisdelle brand of paroxetine is used to treat hot flashes related to menopause. Brisdelle is not for treating any other conditions. Warnings You should not use paroxetine if you are also taking pimozide or thioridazine. Do not use paroxetine within 14 days before or 14 days after you have used an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, or tranylcypromine. Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor Seek medical attention right away if you have symptoms such as: agitation, hallucinations, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, dizziness, warmth or tingly feeling, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sweating, tremors, racing heartbeats, or a seizure (convulsions). Do not stop using paroxetine without first asking your doctor. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to paroxetine, or if you are also taking pimozide or thioridazine. Do not use an MAO inhibitor within 14 days before or 14 days after you take paroxetine. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, and tranylcypromine. After you stop taking paroxetine you must wait at least 14 days before you start taking an MAO inhibitor. To make sure paroxetine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: heart disease, high blood pressure, or a stroke; liver or kidney disease; a bleeding or blood clotting disorder; seizures or epilepsy; bipolar disorder (manic depression), drug addiction, or suicidal thoughts; sexual problems; narrow-angle glaucoma; or low levels of sodium in your blood. Be sure your doctor knows if you also take stimulant medicine, opioid medicine, herbal products, or medicine for depression, mental illness, Parkinson's disease, migraine headaches, serious infections, or prevention of nausea and vomiting. These medicines may interact with paroxetine and cause a serious condition called serotonin syndrome. Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Taking an SSRI antidepressant during pregnancy may cause serious lung problems or other complications in the baby. However, you may have a relapse of depression if you stop taking your antidepressant. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant. Do not start or stop taking this medicine without your doctor's advice. Do not use Brisdelle if you are pregnant. You should not breastfeed while using this medicine. Paroxetine is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take paroxetine? Take paroxetine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Swallow the extended-release tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). It may take up to 4 weeks before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medication as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve. Tell your doctor if you have any changes in sexual function, such as loss of interest in sex, trouble having an orgasm, or (in men) problems with erections or ejaculation. Some sexual problems can be treated. Do not stop using paroxetine suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Ask your doctor how to safely stop using paroxetine. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Detailed Paroxetine dosage information What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of paroxetine can be fatal. What to avoid Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how paroxetine will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Ask your doctor before taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac, indomethacin, meloxicam, and others. Using an NSAID with paroxetine may cause you to bruise or bleed easily. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects. Paroxetine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to paroxetine (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling). Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, anxiety, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, or if you feel impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), more depressed, or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Call your doctor at once if you have: racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, unusual risk-taking behavior, feelings of extreme happiness or sadness, being more talkative than usual; blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain or swelling, or seeing halos around lights; unusual bone pain or tenderness, swelling or bruising; changes in weight or appetite; easy bruising, unusual bleeding (nose, mouth, vagina, or rectum), coughing up blood; severe nervous system reaction - very stiff (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, tremors, fainting; or low levels of sodium in the body - headache, confusion, slurred speech, severe weakness, loss of coordination, feeling unsteady. Seek medical attention right away if you have symptoms of serotonin syndrome, such as: agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, fast heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Common paroxetine side effects may include: vision changes; weakness, drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness; sweating, anxiety, shaking; sleep problems (insomnia); loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation; dry mouth, yawning; infection; headache; or decreased sex drive, impotence, abnormal ejaculation, or difficulty having an orgasm. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Paroxetine side effects (more detail) What other drugs will affect paroxetine? Using paroxetine with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine (Tagamet), digoxin, St. John's wort, tamoxifen, theophylline, tryptophan (sometimes called L-tryptophan), warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven); a diuretic or "water pill"; heart rhythm medicine; HIV or AIDS medications; certain medicines to treat narcolepsy or ADHD - amphetamine, atomoxetine, dextroamphetamine, Adderall, Dexedrine, Evekeo, Vyvanse, and others; narcotic pain medicine - fentanyl, tramadol; medicine to treat anxiety, mood disorders, thought disorders, or mental illness - such as buspirone, lithium, other antidepressants, or antipsychotics; migraine headache medicine - sumatriptan, rizatriptan, zolmitriptan, and others; or seizure medicine - phenobarbital, phenytoin. This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with paroxetine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

What is paroxetine? Paroxetine is an antidepressant that belongs to group of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Paroxetine affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced in people with depression, anxiety, or other disorders. Paroxetine is used to treat depression, including major depressive disorder. Paroxetine is also used to treat panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)>. The Brisdelle brand of paroxetine is used to treat hot flashes related to menopause. Brisdelle is not for treating any other conditions. Warnings You should not use paroxetine if you are also taking pimozide or thioridazine. Do not use paroxetine within 14 days before or 14 days after you have used an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, or tranylcypromine. Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor Seek medical attention right away if you have symptoms such as: agitation, hallucinations, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, dizziness, warmth or tingly feeling, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sweating, tremors, racing heartbeats, or a seizure (convulsions). Do not stop using paroxetine without first asking your doctor. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to paroxetine, or if you are also taking pimozide or thioridazine. Do not use an MAO inhibitor within 14 days before or 14 days after you take paroxetine. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, and tranylcypromine. After you stop taking paroxetine you must wait at least 14 days before you start taking an MAO inhibitor. To make sure paroxetine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: heart disease, high blood pressure, or a stroke; liver or kidney disease; a bleeding or blood clotting disorder; seizures or epilepsy; bipolar disorder (manic depression), drug addiction, or suicidal thoughts; sexual problems; narrow-angle glaucoma; or low levels of sodium in your blood. Be sure your doctor knows if you also take stimulant medicine, opioid medicine, herbal products, or medicine for depression, mental illness, Parkinson's disease, migraine headaches, serious infections, or prevention of nausea and vomiting. These medicines may interact with paroxetine and cause a serious condition called serotonin syndrome. Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Taking an SSRI antidepressant during pregnancy may cause serious lung problems or other complications in the baby. However, you may have a relapse of depression if you stop taking your antidepressant. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant. Do not start or stop taking this medicine without your doctor's advice. Do not use Brisdelle if you are pregnant. You should not breastfeed while using this medicine. Paroxetine is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take paroxetine? Take paroxetine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Swallow the extended-release tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). It may take up to 4 weeks before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medication as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve. Tell your doctor if you have any changes in sexual function, such as loss of interest in sex, trouble having an orgasm, or (in men) problems with erections or ejaculation. Some sexual problems can be treated. Do not stop using paroxetine suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Ask your doctor how to safely stop using paroxetine. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of paroxetine can be fatal. What to avoid Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how paroxetine will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Ask your doctor before taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac, indomethacin, meloxicam, and others. Using an NSAID with paroxetine may cause you to bruise or bleed easily. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects. Paroxetine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to paroxetine (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling). Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, anxiety, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, or if you feel impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), more depressed, or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Call your doctor at once if you have: racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, unusual risk-taking behavior, feelings of extreme happiness or sadness, being more talkative than usual; blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain or swelling, or seeing halos around lights; unusual bone pain or tenderness, swelling or bruising; changes in weight or appetite; easy bruising, unusual bleeding (nose, mouth, vagina, or rectum), coughing up blood; severe nervous system reaction - very stiff (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, tremors, fainting; or low levels of sodium in the body - headache, confusion, slurred speech, severe weakness, loss of coordination, feeling unsteady. Seek medical attention right away if you have symptoms of serotonin syndrome, such as: agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, fast heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Common paroxetine side effects may include: vision changes; weakness, drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness; sweating, anxiety, shaking; sleep problems (insomnia); loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation; dry mouth, yawning; infection; headache; or decreased sex drive, impotence, abnormal ejaculation, or difficulty having an orgasm. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect paroxetine? Using paroxetine with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine (Tagamet), digoxin, St. John's wort, tamoxifen, theophylline, tryptophan (sometimes called L-tryptophan), warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven); a diuretic or "water pill"; heart rhythm medicine; HIV or AIDS medications; certain medicines to treat narcolepsy or ADHD - amphetamine, atomoxetine, dextroamphetamine, Adderall, Dexedrine, Evekeo, Vyvanse, and others; narcotic pain medicine - fentanyl, tramadol; medicine to treat anxiety, mood disorders, thought disorders, or mental illness - such as buspirone, lithium, other antidepressants, or antipsychotics; migraine headache medicine - sumatriptan, rizatriptan, zolmitriptan, and others; or seizure medicine - phenobarbital, phenytoin. This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with paroxetine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

What is pentoxifylline? Pentoxifylline causes changes in your blood that help improve blood flow. This also helps your blood carry oxygen to your tissues and organs. Pentoxifylline is used to improve blood flow and reduce certain symptoms of a condition called intermittent claudication (IN-ter-MIT-ent KLOD-ih-KAY-tion). Pentoxifylline is not a cure for this condition. Pentoxifylline may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use pentoxifylline if you have recently had any type of bleeding in your brain or the retina of your eye. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to pentoxifylline, or if you are allergic to caffeine or theophylline (Elixophyllin, Theo-24, Theo-Dur, Slo-Bid, Theochron, Theolair, Uniphyl, and others). You also should not use pentoxifylline if you have recently had any type of bleeding in your brain or the retina of your eyes. To make sure pentoxifylline is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: coronary artery disease (hardened arteries); liver or kidney disease; heart disease; a history of bleeding in your brain or inside your eyes; history of heart attack or stroke; a stomach or intestinal ulcer; if you have recently had surgery; if you are also using theophylline; or if you use medicine to treat or prevent blod clots. It is not known whether pentoxifylline will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medicine. Pentoxifylline can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while you are using pentoxifylline. How should I take pentoxifylline? Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take pentoxifylline in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Pentoxifylline is usually taken 3 times each day, with meals. Follow your doctor's instructions. While using pentoxifylline, you may need frequent blood tests. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. It may take up to 4 weeks before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medicine as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 8 weeks of treatment. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include severe drowsiness, agitation, fever, flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling), fainting, or seizure. What should I avoid while taking pentoxifylline? Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. Pentoxifylline side effects Stop taking pentoxifylline and get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: chest pain; pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; red or pink urine; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; or signs of stomach bleeding--bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Common side effects may include: dizziness, headache; nausea, vomiting; diarrhea, gas; or bloating, upset stomach. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Pentoxifylline dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Intermittent Claudication: 400 mg orally 3 times a day. If adverse effects develop, reducing the dose to 400 mg twice a day is recommended.   What other drugs will affect pentoxifylline? If you also take a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), you may need more frequent "INR" or prothrombin time tests to measure your blood-clotting time. Other drugs may interact with pentoxifylline, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is perphenazine? Perphenazine is a phenothiazine (FEEN-oh-THYE-a-zeen) anti-psychotic medicine. Perphenazine is used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. It is also used to control severe nausea and vomiting. Perphenazine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use perphenazine if you have liver disease, brain damage, bone marrow depression, a blood cell disorder, or if you are also using large amounts of alcohol or medicines that make you sleepy. Perphenazine is not approved for use in older adults with dementia-related psychosis. Call your doctor at once if you have twitching or uncontrollable movements of your eyes, lips, tongue, face, arms, or legs. These could be early signs of dangerous side effects. Before taking this medicine You should not use perphenazine if you are allergic to any phenothiazine (such as perphenazine, chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine, o thioridazine), or if you have: liver disease; brain damage; bone marrow depression; a blood cell disorder (such as low platelets or low red or white blood cell counts); or if you are also using large amounts of alcohol or medicines that make you sleepy. Perphenazine may increase the risk of death in older adults with dementia-related psychosis and is not approved for this use. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: severe or untreated depression; heart disease or high blood pressure; kidney disease; severe asthma, emphysema, or other breathing problem; seizures; Parkinson's disease; breast cancer; adrenal gland tumor (pheochromocytoma); enlarged prostate or urination problems; low levels of calcium in your blood (hypocalcemia); glaucoma; or a serious side effect while using perphenazine or another phenothiazine. Tell your doctor if you will be exposed to extreme heat or cold, or to insecticide poisons while you are taking perphenazine. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or you become pregnant. Taking antipsychotic medicine in the last 3 months of pregnancy may cause breathing problems, feeding problems, or withdrawal symptoms in the newborn. It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. How should I take perphenazine? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. You will need frequent medical tests. If you need surgery, tell your surgeon you currently use this medicine. Do not stop using perphenazine suddenly, or you could have unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or tremors. Ask your doctor how to safely stop using this medicine. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of perphenazine can be fatal. What should I avoid while taking perphenazine? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how perphenazine will affect you. Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of perphenazine. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. Perphenazine can make you sunburn more easily. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors. Perphenazine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. High doses or long-term use of perphenazine can cause a serious movement disorder that may not be reversible. The longer you use perphenazine, the more likely you are to develop this disorder, especially if you are a woman or an older adult. Call your doctor at once if you have: uncontrolled muscle movements in your arms or legs, or your face (chewing, lip smacking, frowning, tongue movement, blinking or eye movement); worsening symptoms of schizophrenia; confusion, paranoia, feeling restless or excited; seizure (convulsions); a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; jaundice (yellowing of your skin or eyes); little or no urinating; slow heart rate, weak pulse, weak or shallow breathing; low white blood cell counts--fever, chills, mouth sores, skin sores, sore throat, cough, trouble breathing, feeling light-headed; or severe nervous system reaction--very stiff (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, fast or uneven heartbeats. Side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, tremors, and drowsiness may be more likely in older adults. Common side effects may include: mild dizziness or drowsiness; blurred vision, headache; sleep problems (insomnia), strange dreams; loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation; increased sweating or urination; dry mouth or stuffy nose; breast swelling or discharge; or mild itching or skin rash. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Perphenazine dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Psychosis: Moderately disturbed, nonhospitalized patients: -Recommended dose: 4 to 8 mg orally 3 times a day, with a dose reduction to the minimum effective dose as soon as possible -Maximum dose: 24 mg/day Hospitalized patients: -Recommended dose: 8 to 16 mg orally 2 to 4 times a day -Maximum dose: 64 mg/day Comment: -Nonhospitalized patients should be limited to a daily dose of 24 mg; maximum doses of 64 mg should be used in hospitalized patients. Use: Treatment of schizophrenia Usual Adult Dose for Nausea/Vomiting: Recommended dose: 8 to 16 mg orally, in divided doses Maximum dose: 24 mg/day, in divided doses Comment: -The dose should be reduced as early as possible. Use: Severe nausea and vomiting Usual Pediatric Dose for Psychosis: 12 years and older: Moderately disturbed, nonhospitalized patients: -Recommended dose: 4 to 8 mg orally 3 times a day, with a dose reduction to the minimum effective dose as soon as possible -Maximum dose: 24 mg/day Hospitalized patients: -Recommended dose: 8 to 16 mg orally 2 to 4 times a day -Maximum dose: 64 mg/day Comments: -Nonhospitalized patients should be limited to a daily dose of 24 mg; maximum doses of 64 mg should be used in hospitalized patients. Use: Treatment of schizophrenia Usual Pediatric Dose for Nausea/Vomiting: 12 years and older: -Recommended dose: 8 to 16 mg orally, in divided doses -Maximum dose: 24 mg/day, in divided doses Comment: -The dose should be reduced as early as possible. Use: Severe nausea and vomiting   What other drugs will affect perphenazine? Taking perphenazine with other drugs that make you sleepy or slow your breathing can cause dangerous or life-threatening side effects. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Many drugs can affect perphenazine. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is phenelzine? Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that is used to treat symptoms of atypical depression in adults when other medicines have not been effective. Phenelzine is not for treating severe depression or bipolar disorder (manic depression). Phenelzine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor. There are many other drugs, foods, and beverages that can cause dangerously high blood pressure if you take them together with phenelzine. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using. Avoid drinking alcohol, and learn about the foods you should avoid. Symptoms of dangerously high blood pressure include: a sudden and severe headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, cold sweat, dilated pupils, light sensitivity, fast or pounding heartbeats, neck stiffness, weakness, or problems with vision or speech. Before taking this medicine You should not use phenelzine if you are allergic to it, or if you have: pheochromocytoma (tumor of the adrenal gland). congestive heart failure; severe kidney disease; or a history of liver problems or abnormal liver function tests. A dangerous drug interaction can occur between phenelzine and certain other medicines you use within 14 days before or after taking phenelzine. Your doctor may change your treatment plan if you need to use any of these medicines, including: epinephrine or norepinephrine; bupropion, buspirone, carbamazepine, guanethidine, levodopa, meperidine, methyldopa, tryptophan; ADHD medication; diet pills, cough and cold or allergy medicines; opioid medicine; other antidepressants; another MAO inhibitor--furazolidone, isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, procarbazine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and others; or drugs that affect serotonin levels in your body--stimulant medicine, opioid medicine, herbal products, or medicine for depression, mental illness, Parkinson's disease, migraine headaches, serious infections, or prevention of nausea and vomiting. This is not a complete list and there may be other medicines you should not take while you are taking phenelzine. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: high blood pressure, heart disease; diabetes; schizophrenia; epilepsy or other seizure disorder; or if you have taken another antidepressant within the past 5 weeks. Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Phenelzine is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take phenelzine? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may need to stop using phenelzine for a short time before any type of surgery or medical procedure. Tell any doctor who treats you that you take phenelzine. It may take a few weeks before you receive the full benefit of taking phenelzine. Your doctor will determine how long to treat you with phenelzine. Do not stop using phenelzine suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Ask your doctor how to safely stop using this medicine. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include feeling drowsy or dizzy, severe headache, neck pain or stiffness, hallucinations, shallow breathing, fast and uneven heart rate, cold sweats, feeling like you might pass out, or seizure (convulsions). What should I avoid while taking phenelzine? Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects could occur. You must not eat certain foods, including: air dried, aged, smoked, or fermented meats, including sausage, pepperoni, Lebanon bologna, or salami; beer, wine, reduced-alcohol or alcohol-free beer or wine; pickled herring; aged cheeses, including blue, boursault, brie, camembert, cheddar, gruyere, mozzarella, parmesan, Romano, Roquefort, and Swiss; moldy or improperly stored meat, fish, poultry, or liver; soy sauce, miso soup, bean curd, fava beans; sauerkraut; yogurt; yeast extracts, Marmite; or excessive amounts of chocolate or caffeine. Eating these foods while you are taking phenelzine can raise your blood pressure to dangerous levels, causing life-threatening side effects. Also avoid these foods for 2 weeks after you stop taking phenelzine. Phenelzine may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Phenelzine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, anxiety, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, or if you feel impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), more depressed, or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Call your doctor at once if you have: sudden and severe headache, neck pain or stiffness; pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; fast or slow heartbeats; chest pain; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; sweating (sometimes with fever and sometimes with cold, clammy skin); nausea, vomiting; or dilated pupils (your eyes may be more sensitive to light). Common side effects may include: dizziness, feeling light-headed; drowsiness, sleep problems; headache; feeling weak or tired; tremors, muscle twitching; dry mouth, stomach discomfort, constipation; swelling, weight gain; or sexual problems. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Phenelzine dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Depression: Early phase treatment: -Initial dose: 15 mg orally 3 times a day -Dose titration: Increase to at least 60 mg per day fairly rapidly, as tolerated -Maximum dose: 90 mg/day Maintenance: -Maintenance dose may be as low as 15 mg orally once a day or 15 mg orally every other day -Duration of therapy: As long as required Comments: -This drug should rarely be the first antidepressant used; it is more suitable for patients unresponsive to more commonly used medications. -This drug is effective in depressed patients characterized as atypical, nonendogenous, or neurotic, who often have mixed anxiety and depression and phobic or hypochondriacal features. -Evidence of usefulness in severely depressed patients with endogenous features is less conclusive. -Clinical response may not be seen until at least 4 weeks at 60 mg per day dosing -After maximal benefit is achieved, reduce dose slowly over several weeks. Use: Treatment of clinically characterized atypical, nonendogenous, or neurotic depression, especially in patients who have failed first-line treatments   What other drugs will affect phenelzine? When you start or stop taking phenelzine, your doctor may need to adjust the doses of any other medicines you take on a regular basis. There are many other drugs that can cause serious medical problems if you take them together with phenelzine. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is phentermine? Phentermine is similar to an amphetamine. It stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain), which increases your heart rate and blood pressure and decreases your appetite. Phentermine is used together with diet and exercise to treat obesity, especially in people with risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes. Phentermine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Do not use phentermine if you are pregnant or breast-feeding a baby. You should not use phentermine if you have glaucoma, overactive thyroid, severe heart problems, uncontrolled high blood pressure, advanced coronary artery disease, extreme agitation, or a history of drug abuse. Do not use this medicine if you have used an MAO inhibitor in the past 14 days, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, or tranylcypromine. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. Before taking this medicine You should not use phentermine if you are allergic to it, or if you have: a history of heart disease (coronary artery disease, heart rhythm problems, congestive heart failure, stroke); severe or uncontrolled high blood pressure; overactive thyroid; glaucoma; extreme agitation or nervousness; a history of drug abuse; or if you take other diet pills. Do not use phentermine if you have used an MAO inhibitor in the past 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and others. Weight loss during pregnancy can harm an unborn baby, even if you are overweight. Do not use phentermine if you are pregnant. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant during treatment. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: heart disease or coronary artery disease; a heart valve disorder; high blood pressure; diabetes (your diabetes medication dose may need to be adjusted); or kidney disease. Phentermine is not approved for use by anyone younger than 16 years old. How should I take phentermine? Take phentermine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Doses are normally taken before breakfast, or 1 to 2 hours after breakfast. Follow your doctor's dosing instructions very carefully. Never use phentermine in larger amounts, or for longer than prescribed. Taking more of this medication will not make it more effective and can cause serious, life-threatening side effects. This medicine is for short-term use only. The effects of appetite suppression may wear off after a few weeks. Phentermine may be habit-forming. Misuse can cause addiction, overdose, or death. Selling or giving away this medicine is against the law. Call your doctor at once if you think this medicine is not working as well, or if you have not lost at least 4 pounds within 4 weeks. Do not stop using this medicine suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Ask your doctor how to safely stop using this medicine. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Obesity: 8 mg orally 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals, OR 15 to 37.5 mg orally once a day before breakfast or 1 to 2 hours after breakfast. Use: Short-term (a few weeks) adjunct in a regimen of weight reduction based on exercise, behavioral modification, and caloric restriction in the management of exogenous obesity in patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater, or BMI of 27 kg/m2 or greater in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., controlled hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia). Usual Pediatric Dose for Obesity: Age 17 Years and Older: 8 mg orally 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals, OR 15 to 37.5 mg orally once a day before breakfast or 1 to 2 hours after breakfast. Use: Short-term (a few weeks) adjunct in a regimen of weight reduction based on exercise, behavioral modification, and caloric restriction in the management of exogenous obesity in patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater, or BMI of 27 kg/m2 or greater in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., controlled hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia).   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is late in the day. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of phentermine can be fatal. Overdose symptoms may include confusion, panic, hallucinations, extreme restlessness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, feeling tired or depressed, irregular heartbeats, weak pulse, seizure, or slow breathing (breathing may stop). What to avoid Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how phentermine will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects. Phentermine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to phentermine: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: feeling short of breath, even with mild exertion; chest pain, feeling like you might pass out; swelling in your ankles or feet; pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; tremors, feeling restless, trouble sleeping; unusual changes in mood or behavior; or increased blood pressure - severe headache, blurred vision, pounding in your neck or ears, anxiety, nosebleed. Common phentermine side effects may include: itching; dizziness, headache; dry mouth, unpleasant taste; diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain; or increased or decreased interest in sex. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect phentermine? Taking phentermine together with other diet medications such as fenfluramine (Phen-Fen) or dexfenfluramine (Redux) can cause a rare fatal lung disorder called pulmonary hypertension. Do not take phentermine with any other diet medications without your doctor's advice. Many drugs can interact with phentermine. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt? Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection is an anticonvulsant medication that is used to treat a prolonged seizure (status epilepticus). Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection is also used to prevent seizures during a surgery. Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings A Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection may cause life-threatening heart problems. Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt Sodium, Prompt is usually given by injection only if you are unable to take the medicine by mouth. If possible before you receive a Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection, tell your caregivers if you have ever had serious heart problems, or slow heartbeats that have caused you to faint. Your heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and other vital signs will be watched closely. Tell your caregiver if you feel weak, light-headed, or short of breath during or after an injection. Before taking this medicine If possible before you receive a Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection, tell your caregivers if you have ever had: a heart condition called 2nd or 3rd degree "AV block"; slow heartbeats that have caused you to faint; liver problems caused by Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt Sodium, Prompt; or if you currently take delavirdine (Rescriptor). Tell your doctor if you have ever had: liver or kidney disease; diabetes; porphyria (a genetic enzyme disorder that causes symptoms affecting the skin or nervous system); or if you are of Asian ancestry (you may need a special blood test to determine your risk for having a skin reaction to Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt Sodium, Prompt). Tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt may cause harm to an unborn baby, but having a seizure during pregnancy could harm both mother and baby. The benefit of preventing seizures may outweigh any risks to the baby. If you have received a Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection during pregnancy, be sure to tell the doctor who delivers your baby about your Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt use. Both you and the baby may need to receive medications to prevent excessive bleeding during delivery and just after birth. If you are pregnant, your name may be listed on a pregnancy registry to track the effects of Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt on the baby. Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt can make birth control pills less effective. Ask your doctor about using a non-hormonal birth control (condom, diaphragm with spermicide) to prevent pregnancy. It may not be safe to breast-feed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. In an emergency, you may not be able to tell caregivers if you are pregnant or breast feeding. Make sure any doctor caring for your pregnancy or your baby knows you received this medicine. How is Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt given? Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt is injected into a muscle, or given as an infusion into a vein. A healthcare provider will give you this injection if you are unable to take the medicine by mouth. Your breathing, blood pressure, oxygen levels, and other vital signs will be watched closely. Tell your caregivers if you feel any burning, pain, or swelling around the IV needle when Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt is injected. While receiving Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt, you may need frequent blood tests. You may also need a blood test when switching from the injection form to the oral form of Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt. You should not stop using Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt suddenly, even if you feel fine. Stopping suddenly may cause increased seizures. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt can cause swelling in your gums. Pay special attention to your dental hygiene while receiving Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt Sodium, Prompt. Brush and floss your teeth regularly. What happens if I miss a dose? Because you will receive Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt Sodium, Prompts in a clinical setting, you are not likely to miss a dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt can be fatal. Overdose symptoms may include twitching eye movements, slurred speech, loss of balance, tremor, muscle stiffness or weakness, nausea, vomiting, feeling light-headed, fainting, and slow or shallow breathing. What should I avoid while taking Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt Sodium, Prompt will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid drinking alcohol while you are taking Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt. Alcohol use can increase your blood levels of Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt and may increase side effects. Daily alcohol use can decrease your blood levels of Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt, which can increase your risk of seizures. Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using over-the-counter medicines such as cimetidine, omeprazole, St. John's wort, or vitamins and mineral supplements that contain folic acid. Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning in your eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash that spreads and causes blistering and peeling). Seek medical treatment if you have a serious drug reaction that can affect many parts of your body. Symptoms may include: skin rash, fever, swollen glands, muscle aches, severe weakness, unusual bruising, or yellowing of your skin or eyes. A Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt injection may cause life-threatening heart problems. Tell your caregiver if you feel weak, light-headed, or short of breath during or after an injection. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; confusion, unusual thoughts or behavior; fever, chills, sore throat, swollen glands; red or swollen gums, mouth sores; easy bruising, unusual bleeding; pain, swelling, bruising, or other irritation where the injection was given; purple discoloration of your skin around the IV needle, or spreading away from where the medicine was injected (may occur several days after an injection); increased thirst, increased urination; or liver problems--loss of appetite, upper stomach pain, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Common side effects may include: drowsiness, confusion; slurred speech; abnormal eye movement; or problems with balance or muscle movement. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt? Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Many drugs can interact with Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt. Not all possible interactions are listed here. TELL YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT ALL OTHER MEDICINES YOU USE, and any you start or stop using during treatment with Phenytoin Sodium, Prompt. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.

What is pioglitazone? Pioglitazone is used together with diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pioglitazone is not for treating type 1 diabetes. Pioglitazone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Pioglitazone can cause or worsen congestive heart failure. You should not use pioglitazone if you have severe or uncontrolled heart failure. Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have shortness of breath (especially when lying down), unusual tiredness, swelling, or rapid weight gain. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to pioglitazone, or if you have: severe or uncontrolled heart failure; or diabetic ketoacidosis (call your doctor for treatment). This medication may increase your risk of developing bladder cancer. Talk with your doctor about your specific risk. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: congestive heart failure or heart disease; a heart attack or stroke; eye problems caused by diabetes; bladder cancer; or liver disease. Pioglitazone may increase your risk of serious heart problems, but not treating your diabetes can also damage your heart and other organs. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of this medicine. Follow your doctor's instructions about using this medicine if you are pregnant or you become pregnant. Controlling diabetes is very important during pregnancy, and having high blood sugar may cause complications in both the mother and the baby. Pioglitazone may stimulate ovulation in a premenopausal woman and may increase the risk of unintended pregnancy. Talk to your doctor about your risk. Women may be more likely to have a broken bone while using pioglitazone. Talk with your doctor about ways to keep your bones healthy. It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. Pioglitazone is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take pioglitazone? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Pioglitazone is usually taken once daily, with or without food. You may have low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and feel very hungry, dizzy, irritable, confused, anxious, or shaky. To quickly treat hypoglycemia, eat or drink a fast-acting source of sugar (fruit juice, hard candy, crackers, raisins, or non-diet soda). Your doctor may prescribe a glucagon injection kit in case you have severe hypoglycemia. Be sure your family or close friends know how to give you this injection in an emergency. Blood sugar levels can be affected by stress, illness, surgery, exercise, alcohol use, or skipping meals. Ask your doctor before changing your dose or medication schedule. Pioglitazone is only part of a treatment program that may also include diet, exercise, weight control, blood sugar testing, and special medical care. Follow your doctor's instructions very closely. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. You may have signs of low blood sugar, such as extreme weakness, blurred vision, sweating, trouble speaking, tremors, stomach pain, confusion, and seizure (convulsions). What should I avoid while taking pioglitazone? Avoid drinking alcohol. It lowers blood sugar and may interfere with your diabetes treatment. Pioglitazone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using pioglitazone and call your doctor at once if you have symptoms of liver damage: nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Call your doctor at once if you have: shortness of breath (especially when lying down), unusual tiredness, swelling, rapid weight gain; pink or red urine, painful or difficult urination, new or worsening urge to urinate; changes in your vision; or sudden unusual pain in your hand, arm, or foot. Some people taking pioglitazone have had bladder cancer, but it is not clear if pioglitazone was the actual cause. Common side effects may include: headache; muscle pain; or cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, sinus pain, sneezing, sore throat. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Pioglitazone dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Diabetes Type 2: -Patients without congestive heart failure: Initial dose: 15 mg or 30 mg orally once a day -Patients with congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class I or II): Initial dose: 15 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: 15 mg to 45 mg orally once a day based on glycemic response as determined by HbA1c Maximum dose: 45 mg orally once a day Comments: -This drug exerts its antihyperglycemic effect only in the presence of endogenous insulin and therefore is not expected to be effective in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis. -Patients concomitantly receiving an insulin secretagogue or insulin may need to reduce the dose of the insulin secretagogue or insulin if hypoglycemia occurs. Use: As an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in multiple clinical settings   What other drugs will affect pioglitazone? Tell your doctor if you use insulin. Taking pioglitazone while you are using insulin may increase your risk of serious heart problems. Many drugs can affect pioglitazone. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is Plaquenil? Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine) is used to treat or prevent malaria, a disease caused by parasites that enter the body through the bite of a mosquito. Hydroxychloroquine is not effective against all strains of malaria, or against malaria in areas where the infection has been resistant to a similar drug called chloroquine. Plaquenil is also used to treat symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus. Warnings Plaquenil can cause dangerous effects on your heart, especially if you also use certain other medicines including the antibiotic azithromycin (Z-Pak). Seek emergency medical attention if you have fast or pounding heartbeats and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out). Taking Plaquenil long-term or at high doses may cause irreversible damage to the retina of your eye that could progress to permanent vision problems. Stop taking Plaquenil and call your doctor at once if you have blurred vision, trouble focusing, distorted vision, blind spots, trouble reading, changes in your color vision, increased sensitivity to light. Before taking this medicine You should not use Plaquenil if you are allergic to hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine. High doses or long-term use of Plaquenil may cause irreversible damage to your retina (the membrane layer inside your eye that helps produce vision). This could progress to permanent vision problems. The risk of retinal damage is higher in people with pre-existing eye problems, kidney disease, or people who also take tamoxifen. To make sure Plaquenil is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had: vision changes or damage to your retina caused by an anti-malaria medication; heart disease, heart rhythm disorder (such as long QT syndrome); diabetes; a stomach disorder; an allergy to quinine; liver or kidney disease; psoriasis; alcoholism; porphyria (a genetic enzyme disorder that causes symptoms affecting the skin or nervous system); or a genetic enzyme deficiency called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Malaria is more likely to cause serious illness or death in a pregnant woman. Having malaria during pregnancy may also increase the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, premature delivery, and low birth weight. It is not known whether hydroxychloroquine will harm an unborn baby. If you are pregnant, ask your doctor about the risks of traveling to areas where malaria is common (such as Africa, South America, and Southern Asia). It may not be safe to breastfeed while using Plaquenil. Ask your doctor about any risk. Plaquenil is not approved for treating lupus or rheumatoid arthritis in anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take Plaquenil? Take Plaquenil exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Take Plaquenil with a meal or a glass of milk unless your doctor tells you otherwise. To treat lupus or arthritis, Plaquenil is usually taken daily. To prevent malaria: Plaquenil is usually taken once per week on the same day each week. Start taking the medicine 2 weeks before entering an area where malaria is common. Keep taking the medicine during your stay and for at least 4 weeks after you leave the area. To treat malaria: Plaquenil is usually given as one high dose followed by smaller doses during the next 2 days in a row. Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time, even if your symptoms quickly improve. Call your doctor as soon as possible if you have been exposed to malaria, or if you have fever or other symptoms of illness during or after a stay in an area where malaria is common. Use protective clothing, insect repellents, and mosquito netting around your bed to further prevent mosquito bites that could cause malaria. No medication is 100% effective in treating or preventing all types of malaria. Talk with your doctor if you have fever, vomiting, or diarrhea during your treatment. While using Plaquenil, you may need frequent medical tests and vision exams. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Dosing information Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria Prophylaxis: 400 mg salt (310 mg base) orally once a week Weight-based dosing: 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally once a week -Maximum dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -This drug should be administered on the same day of each week. -Suppressive therapy should begin 2 weeks prior to exposure and should continue for 4 weeks after leaving the endemic area. Use: For the prophylaxis of malaria in geographic areas where chloroquine resistance is not reported US CDC Recommendations: 310 mg base (400 mg salt) orally once a week Comments: -An alternative to chloroquine for prophylaxis only in areas with chloroquine-sensitive malaria -Prophylaxis should start 1 to 2 weeks before travel to malarious areas; should continue weekly (same day each week) while in malarious areas and for 4 weeks after leaving such areas -If malaria develops while using this drug for chemoprophylaxis, it should not be used as part of the treatment regimen. -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information. Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria: 800 mg salt (620 mg base) orally as an initial dose, followed by 400 mg salt (310 mg base) at 6, 24, and 48 hours after the initial dose Total dose: 2000 mg salt (1550 mg base) Weight-based dosing: -First dose: 13 mg/kg salt (10 mg/kg base) orally -Second dose (6 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally -Third dose (24 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally -Fourth dose (48 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Maximum Dose: -First dose: 800 mg salt (620 mg base)/dose -Second, third, and fourth dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -Concomitant therapy with an 8-aminoquinoline compound is necessary for radical cure of Plasmodium vivax and P ovale infections. Use: For the treatment of uncomplicated malaria due to P falciparum, P malariae, P ovale, and P vivax US CDC Recommendations: 620 mg base (800 mg salt) orally at once, followed by 310 mg base (400 mg salt) orally at 6, 24, and 48 hours Total dose: 1550 mg base (2000 mg salt) Comments: -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P falciparum or species not identified) in regions with chloroquine sensitivity -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P malariae, P knowlesi, P vivax [unless chloroquine-resistant P vivax suspected], or P ovale) in all regions; if treating P vivax or P ovale infections, concomitant treatment with primaquine (after quantitative testing to rule out glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] deficiency) is recommended. -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria treatment for pregnant women in regions with chloroquine sensitivity -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information. Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: 200 to 400 mg salt (155 to 310 mg base)/day orally divided in 1 or 2 doses Comments: -Doses above 400 mg/day are not recommended. -Higher incidence of retinopathy reported when this maintenance dose is exceeded. Uses: For the treatment of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus and systemic lupus erythematosus Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil or Rheumatoid Arthritis: Initial dose: 400 to 600 mg salt (310 to 465 mg base)/day orally divided in 1 or 2 doses Maintenance dose: 200 to 400 mg salt (155 to 310 mg base)/day orally divided in 1 or 2 doses Maximum dose: 600 mg salt (465 mg base)/day or 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base)/day, whichever is lower Comments: -The action of this drug is cumulative and may require weeks to months to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect. -When a good response is obtained, the initial dose may be reduced by 50% and continued at a maintenance dose. -Higher incidence of retinopathy reported when this maintenance dose is exceeded; 600 mg salt (465 mg base) or 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base), whichever is lower, should not be exceed per day. -Corticosteroids and salicylates may be used with this drug, and they can generally be decreased gradually in dosage or eliminated after a maintenance dose of this drug has been achieved. Use: For the treatment of acute and chronic rheumatoid arthritis Usual Pediatric Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria Prophylaxis: 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally once a week Maximum dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -This drug should be administered on the same day of each week. -Suppressive therapy should begin 2 weeks prior to exposure and should continue for 4 weeks after leaving the endemic area. Use: For the prophylaxis of malaria in geographic areas where chloroquine resistance is not reported US CDC Recommendations: 5 mg/kg base (6.5 mg/kg salt) orally once a week Maximum dose: 310 mg base (400 mg salt)/dose Comments: -An alternative to chloroquine for prophylaxis only in areas with chloroquine-sensitive malaria -Prophylaxis should start 1 to 2 weeks before travel to malarious areas; should continue weekly (same day each week) while in malarious areas and for 4 weeks after leaving such areas -If malaria develops while using this drug for chemoprophylaxis, it should not be used as part of the treatment regimen. -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information. Usual Pediatric Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria: First dose: 13 mg/kg salt (10 mg/kg base) orally Second dose (6 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Third dose (24 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Fourth dose (48 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Maximum Dose: -First dose: 800 mg salt (620 mg base)/dose -Second, third, and fourth dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -Concomitant therapy with an 8-aminoquinoline compound is necessary for radical cure of P vivax and P ovale infections. Use: For the treatment of uncomplicated malaria due to P falciparum, P malariae, P ovale, and P vivax US CDC Recommendations: 10 mg/kg base orally at once, followed by 5 mg/kg base orally at 6, 24, and 48 hours Total dose: 25 mg/kg base Comments: -Pediatric dose should never exceed adult dose. -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P falciparum or species not identified) in regions with chloroquine sensitivity -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P malariae, P knowlesi, P vivax [unless chloroquine-resistant P vivax suspected], or P ovale) in all regions; if treating P vivax or P ovale infections, concomitant treatment with primaquine (after quantitative testing to rule out G6PD deficiency) is recommended. -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information.   What happens if I miss a dose? Call your doctor for instructions if you miss a dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of hydroxychloroquine can be fatal, and must be treated quickly. Overdose symptoms may include drowsiness, vision changes, seizure, slow heart rate, weak pulse, pounding heartbeats, sudden dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath, or slow breathing (breathing may stop). Keep this medicine out of the reach of children. A hydroxychloroquine overdose can be fatal to a child who accidentally swallows this medicine. What to avoid This medicine may cause blurred vision and may impair your reactions. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how this medicine will affect you. Avoid taking an antacid or Kaopectate (kaolin-pectin) within 4 hours before or 4 hours after you take Plaquenil. Plaquenil side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Plaquenil (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling). Also seek emergency medical attention if you have symptoms of a serious heart problem: fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out). Call your doctor at once if you have: a seizure; yellowing of your eyes; ringing in your ears, trouble hearing; unusual mood changes; severe muscle weakness, loss of coordination, underactive reflexes; low blood cell counts - fever, chills, tiredness, sore throat, mouth sores, easy bruising, unusual bleeding, pale skin, cold hands and feet, feeling light-headed or short of breath; low blood sugar - headache, hunger, sweating, irritability, dizziness, fast heart rate, and feeling anxious or shaky; or a serious drug reaction that can affect many parts of your body - skin rash, fever, swollen glands, muscle aches, severe weakness, unusual bruising, or yellowing of your skin or eyes. Taking Plaquenil long-term or at high doses may cause irreversible damage to the retina of your eye. Stop taking Plaquenil and tell your doctor if you have: blurred vision, trouble focusing, trouble reading; distorted vision, blind spots; changes in your color vision; hazy or cloudy vision; seeing light flashes or streaks, seeing halos around lights; or increased sensitivity to light. Common Plaquenil side effects may include: headache, dizziness; nausea, vomiting, stomach pain; loss of appetite, weight loss; feeling nervous or irritable; skin rash or itching; or hair loss. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect Plaquenil? Plaquenil can cause a serious heart problem. Your risk may be higher if you also use certain other medicines for infections, asthma, heart problems, high blood pressure, depression, mental illness, cancer, malaria, or HIV. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine; cyclosporine; methotrexate; praziquantel; tamoxifen; heart rhythm medicine; insulin or oral diabetes medicine; or seizure medication. This list is not complete. other drugs may interact with hydroxychloroquine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

Uses of Prenatal Vitamin: This vitamin is used to aid the diet needs before, during, and after pregnancy. What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take Prenatal Vitamin? All products: If you are allergic to prenatal vitamin; any part of prenatal vitamin ; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had. If you have too much iron in your body. If you are taking mineral oil. If you are taking acitretin. Products with omega-3 fatty acids: If you are taking a blood thinner. If you have bleeding problems. This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with prenatal vitamin . Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take prenatal vitamin with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor. What are some things I need to know or do while I take Prenatal Vitamin? Tell all of your health care providers that you take prenatal vitamin . This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. This medicine may affect certain lab tests. Tell all of your health care providers and lab workers that you take prenatal vitamin. If you have phenylketonuria (PKU), talk with your doctor. Some products have phenylalanine. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. You will need to talk about any risks to your baby. How is this medicine (Prenatal Vitamin) best taken? Use prenatal vitamin  as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely. Follow how to take prenatal vitamin as you have been told by your doctor. Do not use more than you were told to use. Some drugs may need to be taken with food or on an empty stomach. For some drugs it does not matter. Check with your pharmacist about how to take prenatal vitamin. Take with a full glass of water. Do not take antacids within 2 hours before or 2 hours after taking prenatal vitamin. Do not take dairy products with prenatal vitamin. Dairy products may make prenatal vitamin not work as well. Follow the diet and workout plan that your doctor told you about. Chew well before swallowing. What do I do if I miss a dose? Take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses. Detailed Multivitamin, prenatal dosage information What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away? WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect: Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Black, tarry, or bloody stools. Fever. Very upset stomach or throwing up. Very bad belly pain. Throwing up blood or throw up that looks like coffee grounds. Stomach cramps. Multivitamin, prenatal side effects (more detail) What are some other side effects of Prenatal Vitamin? All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away: Constipation. Upset stomach or throwing up. Change in color of stool to green. Diarrhea. Belly pain. These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You may also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch. If OVERDOSE is suspected: If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened. How do I store and/or throw out Prenatal Vitamin? Store at room temperature. Protect from heat and light. Store in a dry place. Do not store in a bathroom. Keep all drugs in a safe place. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets. Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area. Consumer information use If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor. Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else's drugs. Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. Check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions about prenatal vitamin, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider. If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.  

Uses of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder: It is used to treat high potassium levels. What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? For all patients taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder: If you have an allergy to sodium polystyrene sulfonate or any other part of sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. If you are allergic to sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder; any part of sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had. If you have any of these health problems: Constipation, low potassium levels, or if you have not had a bowel movement after surgery. If you have ever had any of these health problems: Bowel block, bowel disease, bowel surgery, not able to have a bowel movement, or long-term constipation. If you are taking any of these drugs: Sorbitol or a laxative that has magnesium in it. Children: If your child is a newborn with bowel function that is not normal. All oral products: If your child is a premature baby or is a newborn. Do not give sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder to a premature baby or a newborn. This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor. What are some things I need to know or do while I take Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? Tell all of your health care providers that you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. If you are on a low-salt diet (sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder has salt), talk with your doctor. Have blood work checked as you have been told by the doctor. Talk with the doctor. If you are taking a salt substitute that has potassium in it, a potassium-sparing diuretic, or a potassium product, talk with your doctor. This medicine may prevent other drugs taken by mouth from getting into the body. If you take other drugs by mouth, you may need to take them at some other time than sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. Talk with your doctor. Use with care in children. Talk with the doctor. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan on getting pregnant. You will need to talk about the benefits and risks of using sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder while you are pregnant. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. You will need to talk about any risks to your baby. How is this medicine (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder) best taken? Use sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely. Most of the time, sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder will be given in a doctor's office. Your doctor may teach you how to use. Follow how to use carefully. It may be given by mouth or given rectally. Mix powder with water or syrup. Ask the doctor how much liquid you need to use. Shake or mix well. When taking by mouth, take while sitting up. Do not heat or microwave. Use the solution within 24 hours. What do I do if I miss a dose? If you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder on a regular basis, take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses. Many times sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder is taken on an as needed basis. Do not take more often than told by the doctor.   What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away? WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect: Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Signs of electrolyte problems like mood changes, confusion, muscle pain or weakness, a heartbeat that does not feel normal, seizures, not hungry, or very bad upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Shortness of breath, a big weight gain, or swelling in the arms or legs. Very bad headache. Very bad bowel problems like bleeding, swelling, and tearing have happened with sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. Sometimes, this has been deadly. Most people who had these problems were also taking sorbitol. The chance of these problems may be raised if you have low blood volume, kidney disease, or if you have ever had bowel disease or surgery. Call your doctor right away if you have black, tarry, or bloody stools; constipation; stomach pain; swelling of the stomach; or throwing up blood or throw up that looks like coffee grounds.   What are some other side effects of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away: Not hungry. Diarrhea. Upset stomach or throwing up. These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You may also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch. If OVERDOSE is suspected: If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened. How do I store and/or throw out Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? Store at room temperature. Protect from heat. Store in a dry place. Do not store in a bathroom. Keep all drugs in a safe place. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets. Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area. Consumer information use If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor. Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else's drugs. Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. Check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions about sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider. If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.

What is potassium chloride? Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart. Potassium chloride is used to prevent or to treat low blood levels of potassium (hypokalemia). Potassium levels can be low as a result of a disease or from taking certain medicines, or after a prolonged illness with diarrhea or vomiting. Warnings You should not use potassium chloride if you have high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia), or if you also take a "potassium-sparing" diuretic. To be sure potassium chloride is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. This test will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Serious side effects of potassium include uneven heartbeat, muscle weakness or limp feeling, severe stomach pain, and numbness or tingling in your hands, feet, or mouth. Do not stop taking this medicine without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking this medicine suddenly, your condition may become worse. Do not crush, chew, break, or suck on an extended-release tablet or capsule. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Sucking on a tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Take potassium chloride with food or just after a meal. Before taking this medicine You should not use potassium chloride if you are allergic to it, or if: you have high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia); or you take a "potassium-sparing" diuretic (water pill) such as amiloride, spironolactone, or triamterene. To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had: kidney disease; cirrhosis or other liver disease; an adrenal gland disorder; a large tissue injury such as a severe burn; severe dehydration; diabetes; heart disease or high blood pressure; stomach or intestinal bleeding; a blockage in your stomach or intestines; or chronic diarrhea (such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease). It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. Your dose needs may be different during pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice. How should I take potassium chloride? Take potassium chloride exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Read and carefully follow any Instructions for Use provided with your medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you do not understand these instructions. Take potassium chloride with a full glass of water. Take potassium chloride with food or just after a meal if this medicine upsets your stomach. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Do not crush, chew, or suck on a tablet or capsule. Sucking on the pill could irritate your mouth or throat. Call your doctor if you have trouble swallowing a potassium chloride capsule or tablet. You may be able to dissolve the tablet in water, or mix the medicine from a capsule with soft food. Carefully follow your doctor's instructions. Mix the powder form of this medicine with at least 4 ounces (one-half cup) of cold water or fruit juice before taking. Drink the mixture slowly, over 5 to 10 minutes in all. To make sure you get the entire dose, add a little more water to the same glass, swirl gently and drink right away. To be sure this medicine is helping your condition, you may need frequent blood tests. You may not notice any change in your symptoms, but your blood work will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium chloride. Your heart function may need to be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG). Even if you have no symptoms, tests can help your doctor determine if this medicine is effective. Your treatment may include a special diet. Follow the diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. Get familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition. Potassium-rich foods include: squash, baked potatoes (skin on), spinach, lentils, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, zucchini, kidney or navy beans, raisins, watermelon, orange juice, bananas, cantaloupe, and low-fat milk or yogurt. Consume only the daily amounts recommended by your doctor or nutrition counselor. Some tablets are made with a shell that is not absorbed or melted in the body. Part of this shell may appear in your stool. This is normal and will not make the medicine less effective. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in a closed container.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include irregular heartbeats, chest pain, or muscle weakness. What to avoid Avoid taking supplements or using other products that contain potassium without first asking your doctor. Salt substitutes or low-salt dietary products often contain potassium. If you take certain products together you may accidentally get too much potassium. Read the label of any other medicine you are using to see if it contains potassium. Potassium chloride side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to potassium chloride: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have: severe throat irritation; stomach bloating, severe vomiting, severe stomach pain; high potassium level - nausea, weakness, tingly feeling, chest pain, irregular heartbeats, loss of movement; or signs of stomach bleeding - bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Common potassium chloride side effects may include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; gas, stomach pain; or the appearance of a potassium chloride tablet in your stool. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect potassium chloride? Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using, especially: a diuretic or "water pill"; or heart or blood pressure medication. This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with potassium chloride, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

What is potassium citrate? Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart. Potassium citrate is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. Potassium citrate may also be used for other purposes other than those listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use potassium citrate if you have kidney failure, a urinary tract infection, uncontrolled diabetes, a peptic ulcer in your stomach, Addison's disease, severe burns or other tissue injury, if you are dehydrated, if you take certain diuretics (water pills), or if you have high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia). You should not take potassium citrate tablets if you have problems with your esophagus, stomach, or intestines that make it difficult for you to swallow or digest pills. Do not crush, chew, break, or suck on an extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Sucking on a potassium tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after you take this medication. Take potassium citrate with a meal or bedtime snack, or within 30 minutes after a meal. To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. This test will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Serious side effects of potassium citrate include uneven heartbeat, muscle weakness or limp feeling, severe stomach pain, and numbness or tingling in your hands, feet, or mouth. Do not stop taking potassium citrate without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking potassium suddenly, your condition may become worse. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medication if you are allergic to it, or if you have certain conditions. Be sure your doctor knows if you have: high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia); kidney failure; a urinary tract infection; untreated or uncontrolled diabetes; Addison's disease (an adrenal gland disorder); a large tissue injury such as a severe burn; a peptic ulcer in your stomach; if you are severely dehydrated; or if you are taking a "potassium-sparing" diuretic (water pill) such as amiloride (Midamor, Moduretic), spironolactone (Aldactone, Aldactazide), triamterene (Dyrenium, Dyazide, Maxzide). You should not take potassium citrate tablets if you have problems with your esophagus, stomach, or intestines that make it difficult for you to swallow or digest pills. Before using potassium citrate, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have: kidney disease; congestive heart failure, enlarged heart, or history of heart attack; other heart disease or high blood pressure; diabetes; a blockage in your stomach or intestines; or chronic diarrhea (such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease). If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take potassium citrate. FDA pregnancy category C. This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether potassium passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use potassium citrate without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. How should I take potassium citrate? Take potassium citrate exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Do not crush, chew, break, or suck on an extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Sucking on a potassium tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Call your doctor if it feels like the tablet is getting stuck in your throat when you swallow it. Measure the liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Liquid potassium should be mixed with at least 4 ounces (one-half cup) of cold water or fruit juice. Drink the mixture slowly, over 5 to 10 minutes in all. To make sure you get the entire dose, add a little more water to the same glass, swirl gently and drink right away. Take potassium citrate with a meal or bedtime snack, or within 30 minutes after a meal. Your treatment may include a special diet. It is very important to follow the diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. You should become very familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition. To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. This test will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Do not stop taking potassium citrate without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking potassium suddenly, your condition may become worse. Store potassium citrate at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in a closed container. Detailed Potassium citrate dosage information What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include heavy feeling in your arms or legs, muscle weakness, limp feeling, slow or uneven heartbeat, chest pain, or feeling like you might pass out. What should I avoid? Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after you take potassium citrate. Avoid taking potassium supplements or using other products that contain potassium without first asking your doctor. Salt substitutes or low-salt dietary products often contain potassium. If you take certain products together you may accidentally get too much potassium. Read the label of any other medicine you are using to see if it contains potassium. While taking this medication, avoid strenuous exercise if you are not in proper condition for it. Potassium citrate side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using potassium citrate and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects: confusion, anxiety, feeling like you might pass out; uneven heartbeat; extreme thirst, increased urination; leg discomfort; muscle weakness or limp feeling; numbness or tingly feeling in your hands or feet, or around your mouth; severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea or vomiting; black, bloody, or tarry stools; or coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Less serious side effects may include: mild nausea or upset stomach; mild or occasional diarrhea; or appearance of a potassium citrate tablet in your stool. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect potassium citrate? The following drugs can interact with potassium citrate. Tell your doctor if you are using any of these: eplerenone (Inspra); digoxin (digitalis, Lanoxin); candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar, Hyzaar), valsartan (Diovan), or telmisartan (Micardis); glycopyrrolate (Robinul); mepenzolate (Cantil); quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex, Quin-Release); atropine (Donnatal, and others), benztropine (Cogentin), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), methscopolamine (Pamine), or scopolamine (Transderm-Scop); a bronchodilator such as ipratroprium (Atrovent) or tiotropium (Spiriva); bladder or urinary medications such as darifenacin (Enablex), flavoxate (Urispas), oxybutynin (Ditropan, Oxytrol), tolterodine (Detrol), or solifenacin (Vesicare); irritable bowel medications such as dicyclomine (Bentyl), hyoscyamine (Anaspaz, Cystospaz, Levsin, and others), or propantheline (Pro-Banthine); an ACE inhibitor such as benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), fosinopril (Monopril), enalapril (Vasotec), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), or trandolapril (Mavik); or any type of diuretic (water pill) such as bumetanide (Bumex), chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Hygroton, Thalitone), ethacrynic acid (Edecrin), furosemide (Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril, Hyzaar, Lopressor, Vasoretic, Zestoretic), indapamide (Lozol), metolazone (Mykrox, Zarxolyn), or torsemide (Demadex). This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with potassium citrate. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

What is pramipexole? Pramipexole has some of the same effects as a chemical called dopamine, which occurs naturally in your body. Low levels of dopamine in the brain are associated with Parkinson's disease. Pramipexole is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease (stiffness, tremors, muscle spasms, and poor muscle control). Pramipexole is also used to treat restless legs syndrome (RLS). Only immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) is approved to treat either Parkinson symptoms or RLS. Extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) is approved only to treat Parkinson symptoms. Parkinson's and RLS are two separate disorders. Having one of these conditions will not cause you to have the other condition. Pramipexole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Before taking this medicine You should not use pramipexole if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low blood pressure; dizziness after getting up too fast; daytime drowsiness; kidney disease; or problems controlling your muscle movements. People with Parkinson's disease may have a higher risk of skin cancer (melanoma). Talk to your doctor about this risk and what skin symptoms to watch for. It is not known whether pramipexole will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using pramipexole. It is not known whether pramipexole passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. How should I take pramipexole? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you are taking immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) you should not take extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) at the same time. The dose and timing of pramipexole in treating Parkinson's disease is different from the dose and timing in treating RLS. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Ask your pharmacist if you have any questions about the kind of pramipexole you receive at the pharmacy. Pramipexole can be taken with or without food. Take the medication with food if it upsets your stomach. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet (Mirapex ER). Swallow it whole. If you are taking this medication for RLS, tell your doctor if your symptoms get worse, if they occur in the morning or earlier than usual in the evening, or if you feel restless symptoms in your hands or arms. Do not stop using pramipexole suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking pramipexole? Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects can occur when alcohol is combined with pramipexole. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how pramipexole will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Pramipexole side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Some people taking pramipexole have fallen asleep during normal daytime activities such as working, talking, eating, or driving. Tell your doctor if you have any problems with daytime sleepiness or drowsiness. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not real); extreme drowsiness, falling asleep suddenly, even after feeling alert; tremors, twitching or uncontrollable muscle movements; unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness; vision problems; or posture changes you cannot control, such as involuntary bending forward of your neck, bending forward at the waist, or tilting sideways when you sit, stand, or walk. Side effects such as confusion or hallucinations may be more likely in older adults. You may have increased sexual urges, unusual urges to gamble, or other intense urges while taking this medicine. Talk with your doctor if this occurs. Common side effects may include: muscle spasm or muscle weakness; drowsiness, dizziness, weakness; confusion, memory problems; dry mouth; nausea, constipation; increased urination; or sleep problems (insomnia), unusual dreams. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Pramipexole dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Parkinson's Disease: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally three times a day Titration: Increase gradually in small dose increments no more frequently than ever 5 to 7 days Maintenance dose: 1.5 to 4.5 mg per day based on efficacy and tolerability Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day Comment: The following dose titration was used in clinical trials: Week 2, 0.25 mg 3 times a day Week 3, 0.5 mg 3 times a day Week 4, 0.75 mg 3 times a day Week 5, 1 mg 3 times a day Week 6, 1.25 mg 3 times a day Week 7, 1.5 mg 3 times a day. -When used in combination with levodopa, the levodopa dose was reduced by an average of 27% from baseline providing a concomitant dose of approximately 800 mg per day. Extended-release: Initial dose: 0.375 mg orally once a day Titration: Increase gradually no more frequently than every 5 to 7 days, first dose increase should be to 0.75 mg once a day followed by incremental increases of 0.75 mg; assess therapeutic response and tolerability at a minimum of 5 days after each dose increase. Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day SWITCHING FROM IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TO EXTENDED-RELEASE: -Patients may be switched overnight from immediate-release tablets to extended-release tablets at the same daily dose; monitor closely to determine if dose adjustments may be necessary. Comments: -If a significant interruption in therapy occurs, re-titration may be necessary; upon discontinuation, doses should be tapered. Use: Treatment of Parkinson's disease Usual Adult Dose for Restless Legs Syndrome: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally once a day 2 to 3 hours before bedtime Titration: If needed, dose may be titrated upwards by increments of 0.125 mg every 4 to 7 days. Maximum dose: 0.5 mg orally once a day Comments: -Extended-release tablets are not indicated for Restless Legs Syndrome. -Doses of 0.75 mg once a day were used in clinical trials, but were not found to provide additional benefit as compared to the 0.5 mg dose. Use: For the treatment of moderate to severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome.   What other drugs will affect pramipexole? Using pramipexole with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine; metoclopramide; or medicine to treat mental illness, such as chlorpromazine, droperidol, fluphenazine, haloperidol, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, thioridazine, and others. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect pramipexole, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is pramipexole? Pramipexole has some of the same effects as a chemical called dopamine, which occurs naturally in your body. Low levels of dopamine in the brain are associated with Parkinson's disease. Pramipexole is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease (stiffness, tremors, muscle spasms, and poor muscle control). Pramipexole is also used to treat restless legs syndrome (RLS). Only immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) is approved to treat either Parkinson symptoms or RLS. Extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) is approved only to treat Parkinson symptoms. Parkinson's and RLS are two separate disorders. Having one of these conditions will not cause you to have the other condition. Pramipexole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Before taking this medicine You should not use pramipexole if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low blood pressure; dizziness after getting up too fast; daytime drowsiness; kidney disease; or problems controlling your muscle movements. People with Parkinson's disease may have a higher risk of skin cancer (melanoma). Talk to your doctor about this risk and what skin symptoms to watch for. It is not known whether pramipexole will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using pramipexole. It is not known whether pramipexole passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. How should I take pramipexole? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you are taking immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) you should not take extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) at the same time. The dose and timing of pramipexole in treating Parkinson's disease is different from the dose and timing in treating RLS. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Ask your pharmacist if you have any questions about the kind of pramipexole you receive at the pharmacy. Pramipexole can be taken with or without food. Take the medication with food if it upsets your stomach. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet (Mirapex ER). Swallow it whole. If you are taking this medication for RLS, tell your doctor if your symptoms get worse, if they occur in the morning or earlier than usual in the evening, or if you feel restless symptoms in your hands or arms. Do not stop using pramipexole suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking pramipexole? Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects can occur when alcohol is combined with pramipexole. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how pramipexole will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Pramipexole side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Some people taking pramipexole have fallen asleep during normal daytime activities such as working, talking, eating, or driving. Tell your doctor if you have any problems with daytime sleepiness or drowsiness. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not real); extreme drowsiness, falling asleep suddenly, even after feeling alert; tremors, twitching or uncontrollable muscle movements; unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness; vision problems; or posture changes you cannot control, such as involuntary bending forward of your neck, bending forward at the waist, or tilting sideways when you sit, stand, or walk. Side effects such as confusion or hallucinations may be more likely in older adults. You may have increased sexual urges, unusual urges to gamble, or other intense urges while taking this medicine. Talk with your doctor if this occurs. Common side effects may include: muscle spasm or muscle weakness; drowsiness, dizziness, weakness; confusion, memory problems; dry mouth; nausea, constipation; increased urination; or sleep problems (insomnia), unusual dreams. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Pramipexole dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Parkinson's Disease: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally three times a day Titration: Increase gradually in small dose increments no more frequently than ever 5 to 7 days Maintenance dose: 1.5 to 4.5 mg per day based on efficacy and tolerability Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day Comment: The following dose titration was used in clinical trials: Week 2, 0.25 mg 3 times a day Week 3, 0.5 mg 3 times a day Week 4, 0.75 mg 3 times a day Week 5, 1 mg 3 times a day Week 6, 1.25 mg 3 times a day Week 7, 1.5 mg 3 times a day. -When used in combination with levodopa, the levodopa dose was reduced by an average of 27% from baseline providing a concomitant dose of approximately 800 mg per day. Extended-release: Initial dose: 0.375 mg orally once a day Titration: Increase gradually no more frequently than every 5 to 7 days, first dose increase should be to 0.75 mg once a day followed by incremental increases of 0.75 mg; assess therapeutic response and tolerability at a minimum of 5 days after each dose increase. Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day SWITCHING FROM IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TO EXTENDED-RELEASE: -Patients may be switched overnight from immediate-release tablets to extended-release tablets at the same daily dose; monitor closely to determine if dose adjustments may be necessary. Comments: -If a significant interruption in therapy occurs, re-titration may be necessary; upon discontinuation, doses should be tapered. Use: Treatment of Parkinson's disease Usual Adult Dose for Restless Legs Syndrome: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally once a day 2 to 3 hours before bedtime Titration: If needed, dose may be titrated upwards by increments of 0.125 mg every 4 to 7 days. Maximum dose: 0.5 mg orally once a day Comments: -Extended-release tablets are not indicated for Restless Legs Syndrome. -Doses of 0.75 mg once a day were used in clinical trials, but were not found to provide additional benefit as compared to the 0.5 mg dose. Use: For the treatment of moderate to severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome.   What other drugs will affect pramipexole? Using pramipexole with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine; metoclopramide; or medicine to treat mental illness, such as chlorpromazine, droperidol, fluphenazine, haloperidol, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, thioridazine, and others. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect pramipexole, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is prasugrel? Prasugrel is used in people who've had a balloon angioplasty to open blocked arteries after having a heart attack or severe chest pain. Prasugrel may help lower your risk of having another heart attack or stroke. Prasugrel may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Prasugrel increases your risk of bleeding, which can be severe or life-threatening. Call your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if you have bleeding that will not stop, if you have black or bloody stools, or if you cough up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time before any surgery or dental treatment. Do not stop taking prasugrel unless your doctor tells you to. Before taking this medicine You should not use prasugrel if you are allergic to it, or if you have: active bleeding such as a stomach ulcer or bleeding in the brain (such as from a head injury); a history of stroke, including TIA ("mini-stroke"); or if you are scheduled to have surgery, especially heart bypass surgery (coronary artery bypass graft, or CABG). Tell your doctor if you have ever had: a stomach ulcer, colon polyps, or diverticulosis; bleeding problems; surgery, an injury, or a medical emergency; liver or kidney disease; if you are allergic to clopidogrel or ticlopidine; if you weigh less than 132 pounds (60 kilograms); or if you also use other medicines to treat or prevent blood clots. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. How should I take prasugrel? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you also take aspirin, follow your doctor's instructions about how much to take and for how long. Prasugrel can be taken with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Because prasugrel keeps your blood from clotting, prasugrel can also make it easier for you to bleed, even from a minor injury. Seek emergency medical attention if you have any bleeding that will not stop. Tell your doctor if you have a planned surgery or dental work. Do not stop using prasugrel without your doctor's advice, even if you feel fine. Stopping this medicine too soon may increase your risk of a blood clot, heart attack, or death. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the tablets in their original container, along with the packet or canister of moisture-absorbing preservative. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking prasugrel? Avoid activities that may increase your risk of bleeding or injury. Use extra care while shaving or brushing your teeth. Ask your doctor before taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, Advil, Aleve, Motrin, and others. Using an NSAID with prasugrel may cause you to bruise or bleed easily. Prasugrel side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; dizziness, chest pain, difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Prasugrel increases your risk of bleeding, which can be severe or life-threatening. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; any bleeding that will not stop; pink or brown urine; signs of a serious blood-clotting problem--pale skin, purple spots under your skin or on your mouth, fever, fast heart rate, weakness, stomach pain, trouble breathing, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); signs of stomach bleeding--bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds; or signs of a stroke--sudden numbness or weakness (especially on one side of the body), sudden severe headache, slurred speech, problems with vision or balance. The risk of bleeding is higher in older adults. Common side effects may include: nosebleeds; or easy bruising or bleeding. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Prasugrel dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Acute Coronary Syndrome: Initial dose: 60 mg orally once Maintenance dose: 10 mg orally once a day Comments: -No clear benefit was observed when the loading dose of this drug was administered prior to diagnostic coronary angiography compared to at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, risk of bleeding was increased with early administration in patients undergoing PCI or early coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). -Aspirin 75 to 325 mg daily should be taken with this drug. Use: To reduce the rate of thrombotic cardiovascular events (including stent thrombosis) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are to be managed with PCI for unstable angina (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), or ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Usual Geriatric Dose for Acute Coronary Syndrome: 65 to less than 75 years: -Initial dose: 60 mg orally once -Maintenance dose: 10 mg orally once a day 75 years or older: Use is generally not recommended in such patients, except in high-risk situations (e.g., diabetes or prior myocardial infarction) when benefit outweighs risk. Comments: -No clear benefit was observed when the loading dose of this drug was administered prior to diagnostic coronary angiography compared to at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, risk of bleeding was increased with early administration in patients undergoing PCI or early coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). -Aspirin 75 to 325 mg daily should be taken with this drug. Use: To reduce the rate of thrombotic cardiovascular events (including stent thrombosis) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are to be managed with PCI for unstable angina (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), or ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).   What other drugs will affect prasugrel? Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: opioid medication; or any other medicines to treat or prevent blood clots, including heparin or warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven). This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect prasugrel, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is pravastatin? Pravastatin belongs to a group of drugs called HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, or "statins." Pravastatin is used together with diet to lower blood levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, or LDL), to increase levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein, or HDL), and to lower triglycerides (a type of fat in the blood). Pravastatin is also used to lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, and other heart complications in people with or without coronary heart disease or other risk factors. Pravastatin is used in adults and children who are at least 8 years old. Warnings You should not take pravastatin if you have active liver disease, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using. Many drugs can interact, and some drugs should not be used together. Stop taking pravastatin and tell your doctor at once if you become pregnant. Pravastatin can cause the breakdown of muscle tissue, which can lead to kidney failure. Call your doctor right away if you have unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness especially if you also have fever, unusual tiredness, or dark urine. Avoid eating foods that are high in fat or cholesterol. This medicine will not be as effective in lowering your cholesterol if you do not follow a cholesterol-lowering diet plan. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can raise triglyceride levels and may increase your risk of liver damage. Before taking this medicine You should not use pravastatin if you are allergic to it, or if: you are pregnant or breastfeeding; or you have active liver disease. To make sure pravastatin is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had: kidney disease; abnormal liver function tests; muscle pain or weakness; a thyroid disorder; or if you drink more than 2 alcoholic beverages daily. Pravastatin can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. This condition may be more likely to occur in older adults and in people who have kidney disease or poorly controlled hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). Do not use if you are pregnant. This medicine can harm an unborn baby. Use effective birth control to prevent pregnancy. Stop taking this medicine and tell your doctor at once if you become pregnant. Do not breastfeed while using this medicine. How should I take pravastatin? Take pravastatin exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Take the medicine at the same time each day, with or without food. Pravastatin doses are based on age, and are lower in children and teenagers. People taking this medicine during childhood or adolescence may need a different dose as adults. You may need to stop using this medicine for a short time if you have: uncontrolled seizures; an electrolyte imbalance (such as high or low potassium levels in your blood); severely low blood pressure; a severe infection or illness; or surgery or a medical emergency. It may take up to 4 weeks before your cholesterol levels improve, and you may need frequent blood tests. Even if you have no symptoms, tests can help your doctor determine if this medicine is effective. Pravastatin is only part of a complete treatment program that may also include diet, exercise, and weight control. Follow your doctor's instructions very closely. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What to avoid Avoid eating foods high in fat or cholesterol, or pravastatin will not be as effective. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can raise triglyceride levels and may increase your risk of liver damage. Grapefruit may interact with pravastatin and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products. Pravastatin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to pravastatin: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. In rare cases, pravastatin can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. Call your doctor right away if you have unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness especially if you also have fever, unusual tiredness, or dark colored urine. Call your doctor right away if you have: muscle weakness in your hips, shoulders, neck, and back; trouble lifting your arms, trouble climbing or standing; or liver problems - loss of appetite, stomach pain (upper right side), tiredness, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Common pravastatin side effects may include: muscle or joint pain; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; headache; or cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect pravastatin? If you take cholestyramine or colestipol, take your pravastatin dose 1 hours before or 4 hours after you take the other medicine. Some drugs can increase your risk of serious muscle problems if you take them together with pravastatin. Your doctor may need to change your treatment plan if you use any of the following drugs: cyclosporine; danazol; gemfibrozil, fenofibric acid, fenofibrate; or medicines that contain niacin (Advicor, Niaspan, Niacor, Simcor, Slo-Niacin, and others). This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with pravastatin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is prazosin? Prazosin is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Lowering blood pressure may lower your risk of a stroke or heart attack. Prazosin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Before taking this medicine You should not use prazosin if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low blood pressure, especially if caused by taking medications. Prazosin can affect your pupils. If you have cataract surgery, tell your surgeon ahead of time that you use prazosin. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known whether prazosin will harm an unborn baby. However, having high blood pressure during pregnancy may cause complications such as diabetes or eclampsia (dangerously high blood pressure that can lead to medical problems in both mother and baby). The benefit of treating hypertension may outweigh any risks to the baby. It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. Prazosin is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take prazosin? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Prazosin lowers blood pressure and may cause dizziness or fainting, especially when you first start taking it, or whenever your dose is changed. You may feel very dizzy when you first wake up. Your blood pressure will need to be checked often. Swallow the capsule whole and do not crush, chew, break, or open it. Keep using this medicine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has no symptoms. You may need to use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life. Prazosin is only part of a complete treatment program that may also include diet, exercise, weight control, and special medical care. Follow your doctor's instructions very closely. Some things can cause your blood pressure to get too low. This includes vomiting, diarrhea, or heavy sweating. Call your doctor if you are sick with vomiting or diarrhea. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include extreme drowsiness or underactive reflexes. What should I avoid while taking prazosin? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how prazosin will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects. Prazosin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; new or worsening chest pain; or upper stomach pain, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Call your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if your erection is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. A prolonged erection (priapism) can damage the penis. Common side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness; headache; feeling weak or tired; or nausea. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Prazosin dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Hypertension: Initial dose: 1 mg orally 2 or 3 times a day Maintenance dose: 1 to 20 mg orally per day in divided doses Comments: -Titrate slowly as determined by blood pressure response. -Therapeutic dosages usually range from 6 to 15 mg per day in divided doses. -Total daily doses greater than 20 mg usually do not increase efficacy, but some patients may benefit from daily doses up to 40 mg per day in divided doses.   What other drugs will affect prazosin? Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: propranolol; any other blood pressure medication; a diuretic or "water pill"; or sildenafil (Viagra) and other erectile dysfunction medicines. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect prazosin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.