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What is cilostazol? Cilostazol is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in your blood vessels to help them dilate (widen). Cilostazol dilates arteries that supply blood to your legs. Cilostazol also improves circulation by keeping platelets in the blood from sticking together and clotting. Cilostazol is used to treat the symptoms of intermittent claudication. This condition causes reduced blood flow to the legs, leading to pain while walking. Cilostazol improves your ability to walk longer distances without pain. Cilostazol may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Do not take cilostazol if you have heart failure of any kind. Before taking this medicine You should not take cilostazol if you have heart failure of any kind. Cilostazol can make this condition worse. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: bleeding problems; liver or kidney disease; a heart attack or stroke; or if you smoke. It is not known whether cilostazol will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not breastfeed while using cilostazol. How should I take cilostazol? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Cilostazol is usually taken twice a day on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before or 2 hours after breakfast or dinner. Take the medicine at the same time each day. It may take up to 12 weeks before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medication as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 3 months of treatment. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking cilostazol? Grapefruit may interact with cilostazol and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products. Cilostazol side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: chest pain, pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; fever, chills, sore throat, mouth sores; or easy bruising, unusual bleeding, purple or red spots under your skin. Common side effects may include: diarrhea, abnormal bowel movements; headache; or fast or pounding heartbeats. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Cilostazol dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Intermittent Claudication: 100 mg orally twice a day at least 30 minutes before or 2 hours after breakfast and dinner Comments: -Patients may respond as early as 2 to 4 weeks after initiation of therapy, but treatment for up to 12 weeks may be required before a beneficial effect is experienced. -If symptoms remain unimproved after 3 months, discontinue this drug. Use: Reduction of symptoms of intermittent claudication, as demonstrated by an increased walking distance. What other drugs will affect cilostazol? Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Many drugs can affect cilostazol. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.
What is pentoxifylline? Pentoxifylline causes changes in your blood that help improve blood flow. This also helps your blood carry oxygen to your tissues and organs. Pentoxifylline is used to improve blood flow and reduce certain symptoms of a condition called intermittent claudication (IN-ter-MIT-ent KLOD-ih-KAY-tion). Pentoxifylline is not a cure for this condition. Pentoxifylline may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use pentoxifylline if you have recently had any type of bleeding in your brain or the retina of your eye. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to pentoxifylline, or if you are allergic to caffeine or theophylline (Elixophyllin, Theo-24, Theo-Dur, Slo-Bid, Theochron, Theolair, Uniphyl, and others). You also should not use pentoxifylline if you have recently had any type of bleeding in your brain or the retina of your eyes. To make sure pentoxifylline is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: coronary artery disease (hardened arteries); liver or kidney disease; heart disease; a history of bleeding in your brain or inside your eyes; history of heart attack or stroke; a stomach or intestinal ulcer; if you have recently had surgery; if you are also using theophylline; or if you use medicine to treat or prevent blod clots. It is not known whether pentoxifylline will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medicine. Pentoxifylline can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while you are using pentoxifylline. How should I take pentoxifylline? Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take pentoxifylline in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Pentoxifylline is usually taken 3 times each day, with meals. Follow your doctor's instructions. While using pentoxifylline, you may need frequent blood tests. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. It may take up to 4 weeks before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medicine as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 8 weeks of treatment. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include severe drowsiness, agitation, fever, flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling), fainting, or seizure. What should I avoid while taking pentoxifylline? Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. Pentoxifylline side effects Stop taking pentoxifylline and get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: chest pain; pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; red or pink urine; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; or signs of stomach bleeding--bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Common side effects may include: dizziness, headache; nausea, vomiting; diarrhea, gas; or bloating, upset stomach. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Pentoxifylline dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Intermittent Claudication: 400 mg orally 3 times a day. If adverse effects develop, reducing the dose to 400 mg twice a day is recommended. What other drugs will affect pentoxifylline? If you also take a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), you may need more frequent "INR" or prothrombin time tests to measure your blood-clotting time. Other drugs may interact with pentoxifylline, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using.