"Preferred Specimen(s) Whole blood from a full EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume Microtainer: 0.5 mL • EDTA (lavender-top) tube: 1 mL Collection Instructions Maintain specimen at room temperature. Do not refrigerate. If multiple draw, collect EDTA (lavender-top) tube last. Traumatic draw can introduce thromboplastin and trap WBC and platelets. Refrigeration can precipitate fibrin and trap WBC and platelets. Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 48 hours Refrigerated: 48 hours (may cause platelet clumping) Frozen: Unstable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Clotted • Received frozen Includes This is a client specific reflex test. Reflex criteria has been pre-defined by the ordering physician. Additional testing will be performed at an additional charge. Methodology Electronic Cell Sizing, Sorting/Cytometry/Microscopy

HEMOGLOBIN (REFL) Any other names for this test?   This test is also known as Hb or Hgb.   What is a hemoglobin lab test?   A hemoglobin test calculates the amount of hemoglobin in a blood sample. Red blood cells contain the protein hemoglobin, which is responsible for transporting oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body and sending back carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. If your test reveals that your hemoglobin levels are abnormal, it might indicate you have a blood disorder. If your hemoglobin level is higher than usual, you may be suffering from dehydration, high-altitude living, smoking, or the blood disorder polycythemia vera. If you have a low red blood cell count means your hemoglobin level is lower than usual (anemia).   What is the purpose of a hemoglobin test?   This test is used to check for anemia, a medical condition in which you do not make enough healthy red blood cells. When you suffer from anemia, the cells in your body do not get the oxygen they need. This test is often part of a complete blood count.   Why do I need a hemoglobin test? The test could be required as part of a routine examination or if you have:   Anemia symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and cold hands and feet The presence of another genetic blood condition, such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia, in the family A diet lacking in iron and other minerals A long-term infection Excessive bleeding following surgery or injury Book a hemoglobin test if you suffer from any of the conditions listed above.   Why does a doctor recommend a hemoglobin test? The doctor recommends this test: To determine your general health:  During a typical medical visit, your doctor may check your hemoglobin as part of a complete blood count to monitor your overall health and screen for several illnesses, including anemia. To determine a disease's cause:  If you're feeling weakness, exhaustion, shortness of breath, or dizziness, your doctor could advise getting a hemoglobin test. These warning signs and symptoms could indicate polycythemia vera or anemia. This test might be used to identify these or other illnesses. To keep an eye on a health situation:  Your doctor may use hemoglobin testing to monitor the progression of your anemia or polycythemia vera and identify the best treatment option. How should I get ready for this test? For this test, no additional preparation is necessary. If your healthcare provider has ordered another test on the blood sample, you might need to fast (no eating or drinking) for eight hours before the test. Also, let your healthcare provider know about any medications or supplements you are taking. These factors might affect the test results.   How is a hemoglobin test performed?   A blood sample is needed for this test. Your provider will take the following steps: Your medical expert will first clean the puncture site with an antibiotic. Following that, he will tie the upper portion of the hand in an elastic band to force blood into the vein. He is now going to inject a little needle into the vein. Blood taken in the needle will be put in a test container for further testing. The blood test is now complete. Your medical team member will remove the elastic band. What will happen after this test?   To stop the bleeding, your healthcare provider will wrap a bandage around the area where the needle went.   Any risk to the hemoglobin test? A blood test carries little risk. You might feel slight pain and bruises due to the in and out motion of the needle. However, these symptoms will go away in two or three days.   How long does this test take?   The testing will not take much time. It is a simple blood test and will be done in less than five minutes. However, your healthcare provider might take a few seconds to find your vein.   What do test results mean?   The reference range for hemoglobin is: Male: 13.2 to 16.6 grammes per deciliter Female: 11.6 to 15 grammes per deciliter Keep in mind that this reference range varies from laboratory to laboratory. What does a low level of hemoglobin mean?   You have anemia if your hemoglobin level is below usual. Anemia comes in a variety of types, each with a different set of reasons, such as:   A deficiency of iron B-12 vitamin deficiency Folate shortage Bleeding Leukemia and other bone marrow-related cancers kidney illness liver illness Hypothyroidism Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that produces low hemoglobin and red blood cell levels. Lower-than-normal hemoglobin levels may be a sign that your treatment strategy has to be changed if you've already been diagnosed with anemia.   What does a high level of hemoglobin mean? Your hemoglobin level may be greater than usual for a variety of reasons, including: A blood illness called polycythemia vera causes your bone marrow to produce an excessive amount of red blood cells. lung condition Dehydration High-altitude living Excessive smoking Burns vomiting too much intense physical activity   If you've already been given a polycythemia vera diagnosis, an elevated hemoglobin level may be a sign that you need to change your treatment regimen. Your doctor may decide to combine the results of the hemoglobin test with those of other tests, or more tests might be required, depending on whether your hemoglobin level is below or above usual.   Anything else I should know about this test?   Anemia comes in various forms, some of which are minor, while others if left untreated, can be dangerous and even fatal. If you have anemia, consult your doctor online to determine the best treatment plan for you.  

"Preferred Specimen(s) Whole blood from full EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume Microtainer: 0.5 mL • EDTA (lavender-top) tube: 1 mL Collection Instructions Maintain specimen at room temperature. Do not refrigerate. If multiple draw, collect EDTA (lavender-top) tube last. Traumatic draw can introduce thromboplastin and trap WBC and platelets. Refrigeration can precipitate fibrin and trap WBC and platelets. Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 48 hours Refrigerated: 48 hours (may cause platelet clumping) Frozen: Unstable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Clotted • Received frozen Includes This is a client specific reflex test. Reflex criteria has been pre-defined by the ordering physician. Additional testing will be performed at an additional charge. Methodology Electronic Cell Sizing, Sorting/Cytometry/Microscopy Reference Range(s) See Laboratory Report

"Clinical Significance Hemoglobin and Hematocrit - Usual method for determining anemia. Used to calculate indices. Collection Instructions Maintain specimen at room temperature. Do not refrigerate. If multiple draw, collect EDTA (lavender-top) tube last. Traumatic draw can introduce thromboplastin and trap WBC and platelets. Refrigeration can precipitate fibrin and trap WBC and platelets. Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 48 hours Refrigerated: 48 hours (may cause platelet clumping) Frozen: Unstable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Clotted • Received frozen

HEMOGLOBIN A1C Does this test have other names? Other names: A1C, HbA1C, glycated hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycol hemoglobin What is a hemoglobin A1C test? A hemoglobin A1C test measures the number of glucose levels in your blood over the last three months. Glucose is the type of sugar that comes from your daily diet. The cells of the body use it to provide energy to the body. The glucose moves from the bloodstream to the cells by a hormone called insulin. Your body does not make insulin, or cells cannot use it if you have experience diabetes. It creates difficulty for glucose to reach cells. Therefore blood sugar level rises in your body.  Glucose in your blood combines with hemoglobin and forms hemoglobin A1C. Hemoglobin is a protein and the part of red blood cells that contains oxygen. The A1C test determines how much glucose combines with hemoglobin in the percentage form of your red blood cells.  The A1C test indicates the average blood glucose level for the last three months because:   The glucose attaches to hemoglobin until the red blood cells are alive Red blood cells live for about 2-3 months The tendency of glucose to link with hemoglobin increases if you have high sugar in the blood. The high levels of hemoglobin A1C indicate high average blood glucose over the previous three months. Severe health problems may develop, such as kidney disease, heart disease, and nerve damage due to diabetes.  What is the purpose of the test?                             The test helps your doctor to diagnose and screen the disease of diabetes.    Prediabetes –A type of diabetes that shows higher blood glucose levels than recommended, but the results are not high enough to identify diabetes. Some lifestyle changes, such as physical exercise and eating a healthier diet can help eliminate or resist prediabetes to convert into type 2 diabetes.    Type 2 diabetes – People with type 2 diabetes indicated high blood glucose levels. You have a high blood glucose level that decreases the development of insulin in your body. Your cells fail to create the connection with insulin. It creates problems for glucose to go into cells.  The Hemoglobin 1AC test observes the condition for diabetes or prediabetes. The test checks how successful you are in controlling your blood sugar levels.  Why do I need the hemoglobin A1C test? The center for disease and control (CDC) recommends the HbA1C test to people who are: If you are age 45 or older   You need to repeat the test after every three years if your results are in the recommended range. If your test results indicate prediabetes, you should conduct the test after every 1 to 2 years. You can ask your provider how much time you need to get tested.  If your test results indicate diabetes, you should conduct the Hemoglobin A1C test at least twice a year to observe the medical condition. If you are under age 45 and have more chances to develop diabetes due to:   Overweight or obese. Prediabetes. High risk for type 2 diabetes and prediabetes A family history of type 2 diabetes High blood pressure or high cholesterol levels Heart or stroke disease Gestational diabetes (A type of diabetes that occur in pregnancy) or having a baby over 9 pounds Lack of physical activity  You are African American, Alaska Native person, American Indian, or Hispanic person. A high risk of diabetes is present in some Pacific Islander and Asian American people. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) - A condition in which ovaries produce an abnormal amount of androgen, a male sex hormone that presents in women in a small amount. You may also need the HbA1C test if you have symptoms of diabetes that include   Blurry vision Weight loss without any effort Dry skin Fatigue Increased urination Increased thirst and hunger Tingling or numbness in the feet or hands Frequent infections What happens during the hemoglobin A1C test? Your lab care will ask for a blood sample from you. They collect a small quantity of blood in the test tube by injecting a small needle into a vein in your arms. This test usually takes at least 5 minutes.  How do I prepare for the test? You do not require any preparation for the HbA1C test. What are the risks of the test? A blood test has no risk. You may experience pain at the spot where the needle injects. But, its symptoms do not stay for a long time.  What else do I need to know about the HbA1C test? The HbA1C test does not identify gestational diabetes or type 1 diabetes. The hemoglobin A1C test cannot give an accurate diagnosis of diabetes if you have anemia and other types of blood disorders. Liver disease and kidney failure may also affect your test results. In these specific cases, your provider recommends additional tests to diagnose diabetes and prediabetes.  What are the recommended results for the test? The Hb1AC test indicates the percentage of your hemoglobin linked with glucose. The test results depend on the person’s age, health, and other factors. You can ask your provider what percentage of HbA1C is suitable for you. The following are the values of the hemoglobin A1C test: Ideal condition: The A1C value lies below 5.7 %. Prediabetes: The value ranges from 5.7% to 6.4% tells that you are in a stage of prediabetes. Diabetes: People who have a high value than 6.5% experience diabetes.  You have to talk with your provider to understand your test results.  Your providers may suggest one or more tests to monitor and diagnose diabetes. You can consult with your doctor here about the test results. If you have a high value of hemoglobin A1C, you may need to take diabetes tests like a blood glucose test or oral glucose tolerance test.  You can book the lab test at UmbrellaMD. It is an online healthcare that offers lab tests, pharmacies, medical imaging, and e-consultation services. You can understand your test results by making an online appointment with a doctor. Register yourself to know about the conditions of your health.   

"Clinical Significance Hemoglobin A1c with eAG with Reflex to GlycoMark® - To assist with control of blood glucose levels, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended glycated hemoglobin testing (HbA1c) twice a year for patients with stable glycemia, and quarterly for patients with poor glucose control. Interpretative ranges are based on ADA guidelines. Preferred Specimen(s) Submit two separate specimens:  Whole blood from a full EDTA (lavender-top) tube and 1 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Submit two separate specimens: Whole blood from a full EDTA (lavender-top) tube and 1 mL plasma collected in an EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.5 mL for each sample type Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube and transport tube Specimen Stability Room temperature: 7 days Refrigerated: 7 days Frozen: 6 months   Reject Criteria Sodium fluoride/oxalate (gray-top) tube • Heparinized plasma Includes If Hemoglobin A1c is ≥6.5% and ≤8.0%, then GlycoMark® will be performed at an additional charge (CPT code(s): 84378). Methodology Enzymatic Reference Range(s) <5.7 % of total hemoglobin Alternative Name(s) A1c,HA1c,Hgb A1c

"Clinical Significance Hemoglobin A1c with Reflex to GlycoMark® - To assist with control of blood glucose levels, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended glycated hemoglobin testing (HbA1c) twice a year for patients with stable glycemia, and quarterly for patients with poor glucose control. Interpretative ranges are based on ADA guidelines. Minimum Volume 0.5 mL of each sample type Specimen Stability Room temperature: 7 days Refrigerated: 7 days Frozen: 6 months Reject Criteria Sodium fluoride/oxalate (gray-top) tube • Heparinized plasma Includes If Hemoglobin A1c is ≥6.5 and ≤8.0, then GlycoMark® will be performed at an additional charge (CPT code(s): 84378). Methodology Enzymatic Reference Range(s) <5.7 % of total hemoglobin Alternative Name(s) A1c,HA1c,Hgb A1c

"Clinical Significance Hemoglobin A1c with eAG - To assist with control of blood glucose levels, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended glycated hemoglobin testing (HbA1c) twice a year for patients with stable glycemia, and quarterly for patients with poor glucose control. Interpretative ranges are based on ADA guidelines. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL whole blood collected in an EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 7 days Refrigerated: 7 days Frozen: 6 months Methodology Enzymatic Reference Range(s) <5.7 % of total hemoglobin Alternative Name(s) A1c,HA1c,Hgb A1c

HEMOGLOBIN A1C Does this test have other names? Other names: A1C, HbA1C, glycated hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycol hemoglobin What is a hemoglobin A1C test? A hemoglobin A1C test measures the number of glucose levels in your blood over the last three months. Glucose is the type of sugar that comes from your daily diet. The cells of the body use it to provide energy to the body. The glucose moves from the bloodstream to the cells by a hormone called insulin. Your body does not make insulin, or cells cannot use it if you have experience diabetes. It creates difficulty for glucose to reach cells. Therefore blood sugar level rises in your body.  Glucose in your blood combines with hemoglobin and forms hemoglobin A1C. Hemoglobin is a protein and the part of red blood cells that contains oxygen. The A1C test determines how much glucose combines with hemoglobin in the percentage form of your red blood cells.  The A1C test indicates the average blood glucose level for the last three months because:   The glucose attaches to hemoglobin until the red blood cells are alive Red blood cells live for about 2-3 months The tendency of glucose to link with hemoglobin increases if you have high sugar in the blood. The high levels of hemoglobin A1C indicate high average blood glucose over the previous three months. Severe health problems may develop, such as kidney disease, heart disease, and nerve damage due to diabetes.  What is the purpose of the test?                             The test helps your doctor to diagnose and screen the disease of diabetes.    Prediabetes –A type of diabetes that shows higher blood glucose levels than recommended, but the results are not high enough to identify diabetes. Some lifestyle changes, such as physical exercise and eating a healthier diet can help eliminate or resist prediabetes to convert into type 2 diabetes.    Type 2 diabetes – People with type 2 diabetes indicated high blood glucose levels. You have a high blood glucose level that decreases the development of insulin in your body. Your cells fail to create the connection with insulin. It creates problems for glucose to go into cells.  The Hemoglobin 1AC test observes the condition for diabetes or prediabetes. The test checks how successful you are in controlling your blood sugar levels.  Why do I need the hemoglobin A1C test? The center for disease and control (CDC) recommends the HbA1C test to people who are: If you are age 45 or older   You need to repeat the test after every three years if your results are in the recommended range. If your test results indicate prediabetes, you should conduct the test after every 1 to 2 years. You can ask your provider how much time you need to get tested.  If your test results indicate diabetes, you should conduct the Hemoglobin A1C test at least twice a year to observe the medical condition. If you are under age 45 and have more chances to develop diabetes due to:   Overweight or obese. Prediabetes. High risk for type 2 diabetes and prediabetes A family history of type 2 diabetes High blood pressure or high cholesterol levels Heart or stroke disease Gestational diabetes (A type of diabetes that occur in pregnancy) or having a baby over 9 pounds Lack of physical activity  You are African American, Alaska Native person, American Indian, or Hispanic person. A high risk of diabetes is present in some Pacific Islander and Asian American people. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) - A condition in which ovaries produce an abnormal amount of androgen, a male sex hormone that presents in women in a small amount. You may also need the HbA1C test if you have symptoms of diabetes that include   Blurry vision Weight loss without any effort Dry skin Fatigue Increased urination Increased thirst and hunger Tingling or numbness in the feet or hands Frequent infections What happens during the hemoglobin A1C test? Your lab care will ask for a blood sample from you. They collect a small quantity of blood in the test tube by injecting a small needle into a vein in your arms. This test usually takes at least 5 minutes.  How do I prepare for the test? You do not require any preparation for the HbA1C test. What are the risks of the test? A blood test has no risk. You may experience pain at the spot where the needle injects. But, its symptoms do not stay for a long time.  What else do I need to know about the HbA1C test? The HbA1C test does not identify gestational diabetes or type 1 diabetes. The hemoglobin A1C test cannot give an accurate diagnosis of diabetes if you have anemia and other types of blood disorders. Liver disease and kidney failure may also affect your test results. In these specific cases, your provider recommends additional tests to diagnose diabetes and prediabetes.  What are the recommended results for the test? The Hb1AC test indicates the percentage of your hemoglobin linked with glucose. The test results depend on the person’s age, health, and other factors. You can ask your provider what percentage of HbA1C is suitable for you. The following are the values of the hemoglobin A1C test: Ideal condition: The A1C value lies below 5.7 %. Prediabetes: The value ranges from 5.7% to 6.4% tells that you are in a stage of prediabetes. Diabetes: People who have a high value than 6.5% experience diabetes.  You have to talk with your provider to understand your test results.  Your providers may suggest one or more tests to monitor and diagnose diabetes. You can consult with your doctor here about the test results. If you have a high value of hemoglobin A1C, you may need to take diabetes tests like a blood glucose test or oral glucose tolerance test.  You can book the lab test at UmbrellaMD. It is an online healthcare that offers lab tests, pharmacies, medical imaging, and e-consultation services. You can understand your test results by making an online appointment with a doctor. Register yourself to know about the conditions of your health.   

HEMOGRAM   Any other names for this test? This test is also called a "complete blood count" or "complete hemogram."   What is a hemogram? A hemogram is a wide screening panel that screens for the presence of illnesses and infections in the body. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are the three main blood components that are measured by hemograms.   What is a hemogram test? A hemogram test is a blood test that provides information on a person's general health and any disorder that may be present. The test determines the number and quantity of cells in the blood.   This test helps in detecting many diseases, such as Infection  Inflammation Leukemia and other cancers Anemia Autoimmune illnesses Bone marrow conditions Thalassemia, such as Mediterranean anemia What does a hemogram test measure? This test measures Red blood cells (RBCs), which carry oxygen, White blood cells that fight infection Platelets, which aid blood in clotting, Hemoglobin, the oxygen carrier in red blood cells Hematocrit is the number of red blood cells present in the blood.   What is the purpose of this test?   A hemogram test checks for increases and decreases in the cell count. The rise and fall in the cells might be a sign of several other diseases that call for more testing. The test helps detect even the slightest abnormality present in the blood and shows necessary details regarding medical causes. Why is a hemogram test done? This test is common to perform due to many reasons, such as:   To examine general health: A complete blood count can be part of a medical examination to check general health and look for diseases like anemia or leukemia. To identify a medical condition: A complete blood count can assist in the diagnosis of symptoms such as weakness, exhaustion, and fever. It can also help with the diagnosis of swelling, discomfort, bruising, or bleeding. To examine one's health: A complete blood count can help in monitoring conditions that impact blood cell counts. To inquire about medical treatment: A complete blood count can be used to monitor the effects of radiation and medications that impact blood cell counts. Book a hemogram test if you want to examine any of these conditions.   Why do doctors request a hemogram test?   If a doctor doubts a health issue that a routine physical examination cannot find, they may request the Hemogram blood test to get results outside the annual checkup. It might be ordered to see how much blood has been lost from internal bleeding, to check for an infection, or to manage radiation and drug regimens for cancer treatments, are a few reasons. It is also used to screen patients who are going to have surgery. The first CBC is used as a pre-surgery baseline set of values to compare with post-surgery values to track recovery.   How do I prepare for a hemogram test? This test requires no special preparation. Ask your healthcare provider if you should fast. Make sure to inform your healthcare professional if you have any of the factors mentioned below. These factors might affect the test results.   Pregnancy  Certain medications like diuretics, antibiotics, steroids, etc. Some kinds of allergies High triglyceride level Smoking Stress Vigorous exercise   What happens during hemogram test?   A hemogram is a blood test for which a blood sample is required. Using a tiny needle, your healthcare professional will collect the blood sample from a vein in your hand. Afterward, the blood in the needle is placed into a test container for testing. You may experience a little discomfort because of the needle.   How long does this test take?   A blood test only takes five minutes to get done. However, your healthcare professional might take a few seconds to detect the vein in your hand.   What happens after a hemogram test?   Your healthcare provider will bandage the area where the needle went to stop the bleeding.   Any risks to this test?   No harmful risk is not associated with a hemogram test. However, due to the needle's in and out motion, you may experience minor pain and bruise in that area. The symptoms will go away in two or three days.   What does the result mean? These are usual hemogram test results for adults. The test is measured in cells per liter (cells/L) or grams per deciliter (grams/dL).   Red blood cell count Men have 4.35 to 5.65 trillion cells per liter. Women: 3.92 trillion to 5.13 trillion cells per liter Hemoglobin   Men: 13.2–16.6 grams/dL (132–166 grams/L) Women: 11.6 to 15 grams/dL (116 to 150 grams/L)   Hematocrit   Men: 38.3 percent to 48.6 percent Women: 35.5 percent–44.9 percent    White blood cells    3.4 billion to 9.6 billion cells/L Platelets   Men: 135 billion to 317 billion lbs. Women: 157 billion to 371 billions/L   If you have any questions regarding your results, ask your doctor online.   What do the results indicate? If your results are below or above the normal range, this might cause several problems. The results of these three tests are identical because they each determine a red blood cell feature.   Red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit: Lower readings in these three components are a sign of anemia. Anemia can have many different causes. Blood loss, low iron or vitamin levels, other medical issues, or other factors are a few examples. Patients with anemia could feel weak or tired. These symptoms could be caused by anemia or by another factor.   Erythrocytosis refers to an abnormally high red blood cell count. High levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit or red blood cells could indicate a medical problem like blood cancer or heart disease. White blood cell count:   The low level of white blood cells might indicate leukopenia. An autoimmune illness that damages white blood cells, cancer, or bone marrow problems may be the cause.   White blood cell counts over usual are frequently indicators of illness or inflammation. It might also be a sign of an immune system disorder. High levels of white blood cells might also result from certain medications and intense exercise. Platelet count:   If the platelet count is below the normal range, it might be a sign of thrombocytopenia. If your platelet count is higher than usual, it is a sign of thrombolytics. It could be a sign of a disease or a drug side effect. A platelet count that is outside the normal range might require another test to determine the cause.

"Clinical Significance Hemogram - A complete blood count used as a screening test for various disease states to include: Anemia, leukemia and inflammatory processes. Preferred Specimen(s) Whole blood from a full EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume Microtainer 0.5 mL 1 mL whole blood EDTA (lavender-top) tube Collection Instructions Maintain specimen at room temperature. If multiple draw, collect EDTA (lavender-top) tube last. Traumatic draw can introduce thromboplastin and trap WBC and platelets. Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube Transport Temperature Room temperature (do not refrigerate) Specimen Stability Room temperature: 48 hours Refrigerated: 48 hours (may cause platelet clumping) Frozen: Unacceptable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Clotted • Received frozen "Clinical Significance Hemogram and Differential - A complete blood count is used as a screening test for various disease states including anemia, leukemia and inflammatory processes. Preferred Specimen(s) Whole blood in a full EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume Microtainer 500 uL 1 mL whole blood from an EDTA (lavender-top) tube Collection Instructions If multiple draw, collect EDTA (lavender-top) tube last. Mix by gently inverting 8 times. Traumatic tap can introduce thromboplastin and trap White Blood Cells and platelets. Refrigeration can precipitate fibrin and trap White Blood Cells and platelets. Maintain specimen at room temperature. Do not refrigerate. Transport Container EDTA (lavender-top) tube Transport Temperature Room temperature (do not refrigerate) Specimen Stability Room temperature: 48 hours Refrigerated: Unstable Frozen: Unstable Reject Criteria Gross hemolysis • Clotted Setup Schedule"

"Preferred Specimen(s) 2 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Sodium heparin (green-top) tube • Lithium heparin (green-top) tube Minimum Volume 1 mL Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST ®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 24 hours Refrigerated: 72 hours Frozen: Unacceptable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Anticoagulants other than heparin • Received frozen Includes Albumin, Total Bilirubin, Direct Bilirubin, Indirect Bilirubin (calculated), Alkaline Phosphatase, AST, ALT Methodology See individual tests

"Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 24 hours Refrigerated: 72 hours Frozen: Unacceptable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Received frozen Includes Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin (calculated), Albumin/Globulin Ratio (calculated), Total Bilirubin, Direct Bilirubin, Indirect Bilirubin (calculated), Alkaline Phosphatase, AST, ALT Methodology See individual tests Reference Range(s) See Laboratory Report Alternative Name(s) Basic Liver Profile,LFT,Liver Function Profile

"Preferred Specimen(s) 2 mL plasma collected in a lithium heparin (green-top) tube Alternative Specimen(s) Plasma collected in: Sodium heparin (green-top) tube Minimum Volume 1 mL Collection Instructions Separate plasma from cells promptly Note: For serum Hepatic Function Panel, please see test code 10256 Transport Container Transport tube Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 24 hours Refrigerated: 72 hours Frozen: Unacceptable Reject Criteria Hemolysis • Received frozen • Serum • Any anticoagulant other than lithium or sodium heparin Includes Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin (calculated), Albumin/Globulin Ratio (calculated), Total Bilirubin, Direct Bilirubin, Indirect Bilirubin (calculated), Alkaline Phosphatase, AST, ALT Methodology See individual tests Reference Range(s) See Laboratory Report

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis A IgM Antibody - IgM antibodies to Hepatitis A suggest a current, acute or recent Hepatitis A infection. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Plasma collected in: EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Collection Instructions Dietary supplements containing biotin may interfere in assays and may skew analyte results to be either falsely high or falsely low. For patients receiving the recommended daily doses of biotin, draw samples at least 8 hours following the last biotin supplementation. For patients on mega-doses of biotin supplements, draw samples at least 72 hours following the last biotin supplementation. Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 14 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 30 days Reject Criteria Gross hemolysis • Grossly lipemic

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis B Core Antibody, Total - This assay does not distinguish between Total B Core Antibody IgG and IgM detected before or at the onset of symptoms; however, such reactivity can persist for years after illness, and may even outlast anti-HBS. Occasionally Hepatitis B Core Antibody may be the only marker of either current or past Hepatitis B infection. HBV vaccination leads to development of HBsAb but not to HBeAb Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 5 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 30 days

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis B Core Antibody, Total (REFL) - This assay does not distinguish between Total B core antibody IgG and IgM detected before or at the onset of symptoms; however, such reactivity can persist for years after illness, and may even outlast anti-HBs. Occasionally Hepatitis B core antibody may be the only marker of either current or past Hepatitis B infection. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Plasma collected in: EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 5 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 21 days Reject Criteria Gross hemolysis • Grossly lipemic Includes This is a client specific reflex test. Reflex criteria has been pre-defined by the ordering physician. Additional testing will be performed at an additional charge. Methodology Immunoassay (IA) Reference Range(s) Non-Reactive

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis B Core Antibody, Total, with Reflex to IgM - This assay detects presence of both IgG and IgM antibodies to the hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) antigen. If positive, it reflexes to further detect only the presence of IgM anti-HBc. When both the total anti-HBc and IgM anti-HBc are positive, it is indicative of acute HBV infection. A positive total anti-HBc with negative IgM anti-HBc is indicative of either acute or past Hepatitis B infection. Total anti-HBc may be the only HBV marker detected in past infection. Anti-HBc antibodies, both total and IgM, are absent from HBV vaccinated people. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Plasma collected in: EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.8 mL Transport Container Serum separator tube (SST) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 5 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 21 days Reject Criteria Gross hemolysis • Grossly lipemic Includes If Hepatitis B Core Antibody Total is reactive, then Hepatitis B Core IgM Antibody will be performed at an additional charge (CPT code(s): 86705). Methodology Immunoassay (IA) Reference Range(s) Hepatitis B Core Antibody, Total    Non-Reactive

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis B Core Antibody (IgM) - Hepatitis B core-specific IgM class antibody has been detected in most acute infections and is a reliable marker for acute disease. In some cases, hepatitis B core IgM antibody may be the only specific marker for the diagnosis of acute infection with hepatitis B virus. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Collection Instructions Dietary supplements containing biotin may interfere in assays and may skew analyte results to be either falsely high or falsely low. For patients receiving the recommended daily doses of biotin, draw samples at least 8 hours following the last biotin supplementation. For patients on mega-doses of biotin supplements, draw samples at least 72 hours following the last biotin supplementation. Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 5 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 21 days Methodology Immunoassay (IA) Reference Range(s) Non-Reactive Alternative Name(s) Anti-HBc, IgM

Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Immunity, Quantitative What are the other names for this test? Anti-HBs What is the Hepatitis B Antibody test? The Hepatitis B Antibody test helps to determine the amount of hepatitis B antibodies in your blood. When you experience hepatitis B, antibodies develop in your blood. Antibodies are proteins that are produced by the immune system. They help to fight and protect your body against bacteria, infection, and other diseases. The availability of antibodies in your blood indicates that you fully recover and get immunity from the hepatitis B virus. Anti-HBs may also develop in a person who takes a vaccine for hepatitis B.  What is Hepatitis B? The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an antigen that lowers the strength of your immune system. The immune system consists of organs, proteins, cells, and tissues. These cells of the immune system prevent your body from germs, bacteria, viral infections, and specific diseases. HBV infection spreads during the blood transfusion or whenever a person comes in contact with infected blood components, like taking drug injections with the same needles. HBV is present all over the world in people, specifically can transmit to others through oral and genital contact. On average, HBV lasts about 60 to 90 days in a person’s body. When do I need this test? Your healthcare provider recommends the hepatitis B antibody test if you think you may have a liver infection due to HBV. If you received treatment for the HBV infection, this test also helps diagnose the current health conditions of your body. In most cases, people have no symptoms of HBV. They may have the little flu in their body. A person can experience symptoms of HBV when this infection goes to an acute or chronic stage. In general, the most common symptom of HBV is severe tiredness. Some other signs include   Loss of appetite Fever Nausea Skin color turns to yellow, whitish eye color (jaundice) Dark urine color Pain in the abdomen (belly) Swelling and confusion in most severe conditions. Your healthcare provider may suggest this test if you have had an infection with HBV. This test helps diagnose whether immunity develops against the virus in your body. Hepatitis B spreads in your body due to physical contact with an infected person. The other risk for hepatitis B that your doctor describe these conditions, such as   When you get an injection for a drug by needles used multiple times. Performing sex with an infected person. Having sex with the same gender (man with man or women with women). Living a shorter distance from an already infected person from HBV. Exposure to blood when working in a lab care center. Transmission of the virus from mother to child during pregnancy. Transfusion of blood or organ transplant, which does not occur for screening. You may place an online order for this test to find the availability of HBV infection. What is the procedure for this test? Your healthcare provider asks for a blood sample for the Hepatitis B Antibody test. A small needle injects into a vein in your arm to collect a blood sample in a test tube. Your provider applies a bandage to your vein when the syringe (needle) goes in. This test usually finishes in under five minutes. You will get your report within 1-2 days. How do I need to prepare for this test? You don’t have to prepare for the hepatitis b antibody test. You can inform your provider about medicines, vitamins, and supplements if you take them. These medicines include those that do not require a prescription. You may also need to follow any instructions when you go to the laboratory for this test. What are the risks of this test? A hepatitis B antibody test is a blood test that does not contain significant risk. You may feel slight pain when the needle goes into a vein in your arm. The other small chances of risks include infection, bleeding, and lightheaded feeling. What are the factors that may affect this test? There are no factors that may change your test results for anti-HBVs. What else do I need to know about the hepatitis B antibody test? Your provider may recommend conducting additional tests to see the hepatitis B antibodies in your blood. You may also need to order a hepatitis surface antigen test to look for antigens in your blood. This blood test may perform with additional hepatitis blood tests to check what stage of infection you possess. What do the test results mean? The test results for hepatitis B antibody test depend on age, gender, medical history, and other factors. You can get complete information about your test results by scheduling an online talk with your doctor. The positive test results for anti-HBs indicate that you have antibodies in your blood. The results show the recovery from acute or chronic hepatitis B virus. The recommended levels of anti-HBVs in your blood should lie equal to or greater than 12 mlU/mL (milli-international units per milliliter). It means that you are immune to the HBV virus or HBV vaccination. According to CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), a person should be considered safe from hepatitis B if the values for anti-HBs are higher than ten mlU/mL after the completion of an HBV vaccination. The value for the hepatitis B antibody test below five mIU/mL shows negative results. It means that you have no antibodies in your blood. The test results indicate that you have acute or chronic hepatitis B or an insignificant immune response to HBV vaccination. In general, the virus recovers automatically within six months. If the virus does not disappear, it can cause liver problems. You can transfer the virus to others. The anti-HBs levels between 5 to 11.9 mIU/mL indicate indeterminate results. The test results do not determine the consistency levels for anti-HBs in your blood. Your provider will ask to repeat the test within 1 to 3 months. We are providing online laboratory test services at Umbrella Health Care Systems. You can register here to learn more about us.  

HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN with Reflex Confirmation Does this test have other names? HBsAg, HBV Test, Hep B Surface Antigen Test, Hep B Surface Antibody Test, Hep B Test, HBV DNA test, Anti-HBs What is a Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation Test? This test measures the amount of hepatitis B surface antigens in your blood. The HBsAg with reflex confirmation helps to detect if you have experience infection in recent times from the hepatitis B virus (HBV). If the virus discovers related antigens and antibodies in your body, it indicates that you have a hepatitis B infection. The positive test results are harmful and have the ability to convert the hepatitis disease to another person by their blood and other fluids of the body. The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contains proteins known as antigens on their surface. It leads to the development of antibodies by your immune system. HBV is one of the five types of hepatitis, including hepatitis A, C, D, and E. In general, the majority of hepatitis infections develop from these five viruses. HBV transfers through your blood, seminal fluid, and vaginal secretions. The hepatitis B surface antigens may present in your blood for several weeks when the infection begins, leading to early signs of a hepatitis B infection. This virus disappears on its own after six months in most cases. But the HB virus stays in some adults and a high percentage of children, specifically infants. It is known as a chronic infection that may result in liver cancer, cirrhosis, or cell damage of the liver. . What is the purpose of the HBV test? Hepatitis B is a viral infection that indicates the inflammation of your liver. The test results of HBsAg help to detect the presence of hepatitis B infection, any past experience with the virus, and the current ability of immunity to it. The common types of exposure vary to the geographical area but often prevail during infancy. Your healthcare provider may ask for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation due to these causes   Screening for hepatitis B virus   Diagnosis and determination of hepatitis B virus   Monitoring and analysis of previous exposure to hepatitis B When do I need a Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation test? Your healthcare provider may ask you to take the HBsAg test if you are experiencing symptoms of Hepatitis B. You may have a sign from mild to severe for the virus, but it appears after two to four months of infection. You can place an online order for this test even if you don’t have a prescription. Signs and symptoms include   Extreme pain in the abdominal   Pain in the joints   High fever   Loss of appetite   The color of urine turns dark.   Symptoms of jaundice, such as yellowish skin color and whitish eye color   Weakness   Fatigue Your provider may also order the HBsAg test if you have a history that puts you at risk of being in touch with the virus. The risk factors for hepatitis B infection, such as   Performing sex with a person who infected with the virus   Living at a short distance from a person who possesses the virus   A man having sex with men   Birth of a child to a mother who has the virus   Intake of IV drugs by sharing needles   Having exposure to blood when working in a healthcare laboratory   Blood transferring or organ transplant. It is rare for a screening test. Your provider may also order additional tests if you have been diagnosed with hepatitis B to observe how well your infection gets treated. What is the procedure for the HBsAg test? You need to provide a blood sample to your provider for the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with reflex confirmation. A small needle inserts in a vein in your arm to collect a blood sample in a test tube. A bandage applies to your vein. The test does not take time greater than 5 minutes. How do I need to prepare for the test? You may need to stop taking certain medicines that can affect your test results. Your provider will inform you about any specific instructions for the albumin test until you do not need to prepare for the test. If you may need to order additional blood tests, you have to keep fast for at least 7 to 8 hours before the test. Is there any risk to this test? An HBsAg is a blood test that does not have a high risk. You may experience a little pain at the point in your vein from where the blood collects. A chance of bleeding or bruising may also occur, but generally, these signs do not last long. What additional test may I need along with this test? Your healthcare provider may ask for more blood tests to see for HBV. These tests identify antigens on the surface, the core of the virus, and the antibodies to these antigens. Symptoms of all types of hepatitis infections are about the same. The blood test is often performed with other hepatitis blood tests to understand your provider about the virus and its stages you may possess. You may also ask to conduct a sequence of blood tests known as a hepatitis B monitoring panel to observe your condition. What do the HBsAg test results mean? The test results for hepatitis B surface antigen with reflex confirmation depend on the person’s age, gender, medical history, and other factors. The HBV test results may vary slightly among labs. You can understand your test results from your provider. The ideal results are negative or nonreactive and show that you do not have hepatitis B surface antigen in your body. If the HBsAg results are positive, indicate that you have an infection with the hepatitis B virus. In most cases, you automatically recover from the virus within six months. You will gain immunity from the virus if you recover from it. You lose the ability to transfer the virus to others. Positive test results also indicate chronic hepatitis B infection. The HBV stays in your blood for a long time if you don’t recover from it within six months. It leads to liver diseases. You may transfer this infection to others as well. Your healthcare provider suggests medicines for the treatment of HBV. You can meet with a doctor by making an online appointment at UmbrellaMD. For more information about how to place an order for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation test, you can register here.  

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis B Surface Antibody, Qualitative - The detection of anti-HBs is indicative of a prior immunologic exposure to the antigen or vaccine. To determine immune status as ≥10 mIU/mL as per CDC guidelines, please order Hepatitis B Surface Antibody, Quantitative. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Plasma collected in: EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 5 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 30 days Reject Criteria Gross hemolysis • Grossly lipemic

"Clinical Significance Hepatitis B Surface Antibody, Qualitative (REFL) - The detection of anti-HBs is indicative of a prior immunologic exposure to the antigen or vaccine. To determine immune status as ≥10 µIU/mL as per CDC guidelines, please order Hepatitis B Surface Antibody, Quantitative. Preferred Specimen(s) 1 mL serum Alternative Specimen(s) Plasma collected in an EDTA (lavender-top) tube Minimum Volume 0.5 mL Transport Container Serum Separator Tube (SST®) Transport Temperature Room temperature Specimen Stability Room temperature: 5 days Refrigerated: 14 days Frozen: 30 days Reject Criteria Gross hemolysis • Grossly lipemic Includes This is a client specific reflex test. Reflex criteria has been pre-defined by the ordering physician. Additional testing will be performed at an additional charge. Methodology Immunoassay (IA) Reference Range(s) Non-Reactive

HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN with Reflex Confirmation Does this test have other names? HBsAg, HBV Test, Hep B Surface Antigen Test, Hep B Surface Antibody Test, Hep B Test, HBV DNA test, Anti-HBs What is a Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation Test? This test measures the amount of hepatitis B surface antigens in your blood. The HBsAg with reflex confirmation helps to detect if you have experience infection in recent times from the hepatitis B virus (HBV). If the virus discovers related antigens and antibodies in your body, it indicates that you have a hepatitis B infection. The positive test results are harmful and have the ability to convert the hepatitis disease to another person by their blood and other fluids of the body. The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contains proteins known as antigens on their surface. It leads to the development of antibodies by your immune system. HBV is one of the five types of hepatitis, including hepatitis A, C, D, and E. In general, the majority of hepatitis infections develop from these five viruses. HBV transfers through your blood, seminal fluid, and vaginal secretions. The hepatitis B surface antigens may present in your blood for several weeks when the infection begins, leading to early signs of a hepatitis B infection. This virus disappears on its own after six months in most cases. But the HB virus stays in some adults and a high percentage of children, specifically infants. It is known as a chronic infection that may result in liver cancer, cirrhosis, or cell damage of the liver. . What is the purpose of the HBV test? Hepatitis B is a viral infection that indicates the inflammation of your liver. The test results of HBsAg help to detect the presence of hepatitis B infection, any past experience with the virus, and the current ability of immunity to it. The common types of exposure vary to the geographical area but often prevail during infancy. Your healthcare provider may ask for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation due to these causes   Screening for hepatitis B virus Diagnosis and determination of hepatitis B virus Monitoring and analysis of previous exposure to hepatitis B When do I need a Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation test? Your healthcare provider may ask you to take the HBsAg test if you are experiencing symptoms of Hepatitis B. You may have a sign from mild to severe for the virus, but it appears after two to four months of infection. You can place an online order for this test even if you don’t have a prescription. Signs and symptoms include   Extreme pain in the abdominal Pain in the joints High fever Loss of appetite The color of urine turns dark. Symptoms of jaundice, such as yellowish skin color and whitish eye color Weakness Fatigue Your provider may also order the HBsAg test if you have a history that puts you at risk of being in touch with the virus. The risk factors for hepatitis B infection, such as   Performing sex with a person who infected with the virus Living at a short distance from a person who possesses the virus A man having sex with men Birth of a child to a mother who has the virus Intake of IV drugs by sharing needles Having exposure to blood when working in a healthcare laboratory Blood transferring or organ transplant. It is rare for a screening test. Your provider may also order additional tests if you have been diagnosed with hepatitis B to observe how well your infection gets treated. What is the procedure for the HBsAg test? You need to provide a blood sample to your provider for the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with reflex confirmation. A small needle inserts in a vein in your arm to collect a blood sample in a test tube. A bandage applies to your vein. The test does not take time greater than 5 minutes. How do I need to prepare for the test? You may need to stop taking certain medicines that can affect your test results. Your provider will inform you about any specific instructions for the albumin test until you do not need to prepare for the test. If you may need to order additional blood tests, you have to keep fast for at least 7 to 8 hours before the test. Is there any risk to this test? An HBsAg is a blood test that does not have a high risk. You may experience a little pain at the point in your vein from where the blood collects. A chance of bleeding or bruising may also occur, but generally, these signs do not last long. What additional test may I need along with this test? Your healthcare provider may ask for more blood tests to see for HBV. These tests identify antigens on the surface, the core of the virus, and the antibodies to these antigens. Symptoms of all types of hepatitis infections are about the same. The blood test is often performed with other hepatitis blood tests to understand your provider about the virus and its stages you may possess. You may also ask to conduct a sequence of blood tests known as a hepatitis B monitoring panel to observe your condition. What do the HBsAg test results mean? The test results for hepatitis B surface antigen with reflex confirmation depend on the person’s age, gender, medical history, and other factors. The HBV test results may vary slightly among labs. You can understand your test results from your provider. The ideal results are negative or nonreactive and show that you do not have hepatitis B surface antigen in your body. If the HBsAg results are positive, indicate that you have an infection with the hepatitis B virus. In most cases, you automatically recover from the virus within six months. You will gain immunity from the virus if you recover from it. You lose the ability to transfer the virus to others. Positive test results also indicate chronic hepatitis B infection. The HBV stays in your blood for a long time if you don’t recover from it within six months. It leads to liver diseases. You may transfer this infection to others as well. Your healthcare provider suggests medicines for the treatment of HBV. You can meet with a doctor by making an online appointment at UmbrellaMD. For more information about how to place an order for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen with Reflex Confirmation test, you can register here.